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Dynamic Currency Conversion (DCC) [2014-2016]

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Old Jan 18, 2014, 10:10 pm
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Last edit by: emilio911
What is it?

Dynamic Currency Conversion (DCC) is a "service" some merchants and ATM operators offer that will charge a cardholder in the native currency of the card rather than the local currency. A more complete definition and examples are available via this Wikipedia article on DCC. While sold as a convenience to cardholders traveling outside of their home country, it is a pure profit play by the merchants. You may end up paying a fee of up to 8% over the purchase price for accepting DCC. Always decline DCC and asked to be billed in the local currency!



Where will I see it?

You can be hit with DCC anywhere there is a difference between your debit or credit card's denominated currency and the currency of the location where you're trying to use the card. The most common example will be at a merchant overseas, but now some ATMs are offering the service too. While many US cardholders complain about getting tricked into accepting DCC overseas, some merchants in the US have started to use DCC as well.

What is the issue?

Unless you're the merchant or ATM operator, there isn't much benefit to using DCC. Some customers say they prefer knowing exactly how much they'll be charged in their home currency or may not know the exchange rate of the place where they are visiting. For example, if you are in Prague for two days and you don't know how much the Czech Koruna is worth relative to the US Dollar, you might feel more comfortable knowing that you're buying an item for $205.00 versus 4000 CZK. However, the real exchange rate as of January 18, 2014 would place 4000 CZK at $197.18. You just paid an extra $7.82 for the "convenience" of knowing how much you'd be charged!

DCC often charges about a 4% premium over the true exchange rate. The problems don't stop there since many US banks still charge a 3% foreign transaction fee (FTF) for purchases made outside of the US. Not only would you get hit with the $205.00 charge, you could also find yourself facing a total charge of $211.15 if your card has a 3% FTF.

This is a pure money grab from the merchants, and it's billed as an easy way to squeeze additional revenue out of the transaction. Numerous [1, 2] articles have talked about DCC duping many consumers. Discover even has a warning about being tricked into DCC when using a card abroad.

For example, this FlyerTalk member reported that Avis charged his Saudi credit card in Saudi riyals instead of USD for a car rental in Florida without his consent. This has also been a trend for hotels, particularly large chains as indicated here and here.

DCC is simply not worth it for the consumer. Unless you like paying a convenience fee of up to 5% of the total transaction just to know how much you will be billed, you should always decline DCC and ask to be billed in local currency when handing over your card.

Furthermore, it is in your interest to obtain a card that has a 0% FTF. FlyerTalk member kebosabi maintains a fairly comprehensive spreadsheet of EMV-enabled cards ideal for overseas travel, many of which offer a low or 0% FTF as a feature. There is also a wiki at FlyerGuide of various FTF of debit and credit cards.

What can I do to avoid DCC?

American Express currently does not support DCC on its network, so you are safe from DCC if using an American Express card. However, Visa and MasterCard card networks can support DCC, so be vigilant when purchasing abroad with a Visa or MasterCard branded card. There have been reports of being charged DCC with a Discover card in China [citation needed], but primarily the issue is happening with Visa and MasterCard cards.

Before handing your card to the merchant, always specify clearly that you want to be charged in the local currency and that you do not want DCC. For some transactions, you retain control of your card as you dip it into a chip reader and can view on a screen to select which currency you want to use for the transaction. Always select the local currencyto get the best exchange rate. Do not select the card's native currency!

Similarly, for ATM withdrawals, make sure you decline any kind of conversions. Some good examples of what to look for when using an ATM overseas are here and here. You're probably coming off of a long flight and fatigued, but educating yourself beforehand can save you from getting ripped off. The user interfaces on almost all of these ATMs are set up to encourage you to take the bait, and you have to be extremely vigilant not to fall for it.

If you are doing a PIN-based transaction, you should have the opportunity to review the total amount and denomination of the transaction before entering your PIN. If you are doing a signature transaction and the merchant has processed your transaction with DCC, cross out the amount and write "DCC refused" on the receipt. Do not sign the receipt, and demand that the merchant reverse the transaction and run it in the local currency. If no verification is required due to a small purchase amount, ask the merchant to reverse the charge and repeat the transaction using local currency. If all else fails, file a dispute with your card issuer when you return home. Even if it's immaterial, the banks will get the message like they did with EMV.

Some merchants will claim that their systems have to bill you in your native currency. This is a complete lie. But just like a mag stripe only card, this is battle where you have to be prepared. Don't settle for merchants claiming that "it has to be done this way" or "pay cash if you don't want this". Be prepared to walk away, and, if you must complete the transaction, write "DCC refused & merchant didn't give a choice" on the receipt and cross out the amount. Let the merchant know that you will be filing a dispute with your bank.

Disabling DCC

Disabling DCC on ANZ terminals in Australia

ANZ markets DCC as Customer Preferred Currency (CPC). Terminal operators can contact ANZ Merchant Services at 1800 039 025 to have this feature disabled. Currently, your Visa or MasterCard will be subjected to DCC if denominated in: CAD, CHF, DKK, EUR, GBP, HKD, JPY, MYR, NOK, NZD, SEK, SGD, THB, USD, or ZAR. All DCC transactions on ANZ will cause a 2.5% markup. Steps to avoid DCC:
  1. Insert, swipe, or tap your payment card
  2. Have the cashier select credit (CR)
  3. The terminal will display CREDIT ACCOUNT
  4. If applicable, enter your PIN
  5. The terminal will display PROCESSING \ PLEASE WAIT
  6. The terminal will display EXCH <exchange rate> \ <currency> <amount> \ ACCEPT RATE? \ ENTER=YES CLR=NO
  7. Instruct the cashier to press the yellow CLEAR (CLR) button (If entering a PIN, you can retain the terminal to perform this step yourself. If entering a signature, you can ask for the terminal to control this process, not indicating that it's a chip-and-signature card.)
  8. The transaction should now process without DCC

If you see a signature slip with DCC verbiage and a checkbox indicating a currency selection, kindly ask the merchant to void the transaction. If it's a PIN-based transaction, you have an additional opportunity to cancel the transaction because it will ask for your PIN a second time. For instance, if you see "EUR 17.29 KEY PIN" refuse to enter your PIN and start again.

Disabling DCC in China

There are many reports of forced DCC in China, and there is a great thread [closed to new posts] on DCC in China on the the China Destinations forum.

Disabling DCC on Bankcomm terminals in Beijing http://www.hongkongcard.com/forum/fo...p?id=12272&p=2 #19

jair101's DCC instructions of March 2011 http://www.etveg.com/misc/DCC_China.pdf

Disabling DCC in Eurozone and UK

DCC offered in tourist traps (Harrods Knightsbridge/Galleries Lafayette Montparnesse/El Cortes Ingles Grand Via Madrid)

Unlike the rest of the world, Visa Europe does not require merchants to collect a ticked box on the slip (presumably because merchants there don't keep signed slips under Chip-and-PIN)
El Cortes Ingles collects a signature electronically and the DCC selection is made on the signature pad - the choice is respected.
Harrods and GL rely on cashier input in the POS for the currency choice - the cashier may forget to ask. The POS do not offer voiding (only refunds), but since you're given a slip to sign the best thing to do is to deface it before signing and submit chargeback request to issuer bank on return home.

There may be smaller merchants who also collect DCC but I seemed to have pre-empted most of them by saying "charge Euros (Pounds) please"

In Spain all merchants by law are required to provide you with a complaint form called an hoja de reclamaciones if requested. The form has two carbon copies. The customer retains one copy as a record of the complaint. The merchant maintains another copy, and the third is sent to the local consumer protection bureau. Merchants are also required to post a sign conspicuously informing the customer of the right to complain (usually in Spanish and English). Do not accept the lie that they don't have any forms. This is illegal, and you are able to call the police if the merchant refuses to provide you with this official form. It's interesting to see merchants start to squirm when you know the rules, and most merchants will start to be accommodating after you mention it. (Please still fill out the form even if the merchant cooperates after mentioning it because these are likely the merchants who won't otherwise change their behavior.)

Disabling DCC in Hong Kong and Macau

Hong Kong and Macau can get as non-compliant as China, possibly because many acquirers have cross-border operations and know they can get away with non-compliant firmware and procedures.

In practice, if you are given a DCC slip, and the cashier has not taken a choice before giving you your copy, the slip will be processed in your home currency - be prepared to dispute.

Unable to disable Global Payments DCC in Hong Kong instance #1, instance #2

Unable to disable DBS DCC in Fortress Electronics HK

Unable to disable BoC DCC in Free Duty HK

Disabling DCC in Japan and Korea

Japan's just starting out http://www.flyertalk.com/forum/japan...ing-japan.html and http://www.hongkongcard.com/forum/fo...p?id=3939&p=17 #168 but there are no reports I know of where cardholders are compelled to use DCC against their will.

Korea is also not much affected by DCC but where offered, trying to opt out is harder than Japan due to the language barrier (both verbal and written)
http://www.hongkongcard.com/forum/fo...hp?id=4303&p=3 #23
http://www.hongkongcard.com/forum/fo...p?id=12272&p=2 #11

Disabling DCC in the Maldives

Disabling DCC on Global Payment terminals in the Maldives

Disabling DCC in Thailand and Taiwan

DCC present but generally not an issue. Cashier will generate quote slip is usually generated and pass to cardholder. When cardholder refuses, a verbage-free slip denominated in THB/TWD will be produced.

Certain Taiwan hotels may take deposits in cardholder currency. But these are only pre-authorisations and can be voided in full for TWD-only final checkout payments.

Disabling DCC on Websites

Airbnb - (Since the "loophole" seem not to work anymore, please report if you chargeback the DCC. )
Hotwire - You need to select your preferred currency before making a search.
PayPal - The instructions to stop the DCC on a recurring charge are here.

I got duped by DCC already before I found this thread. Is there anything I can do?

If you've been hit with DCC and the merchant did not follow the Visa/MC rules, you should file a dispute with your card issuer. Even if the transaction is a small amount, it's worth it to dispute the charge on principle. Do not let merchants get away with this scam uncontested!

If you were not clearly given a choice of currencies and did not specifically communicate a preference to be billed in your card's native currency - if you did not accept DCC - then you have recourse when filing a dispute with your card issuer. The Visa Product and Service Rules clearly state (p 339):
  • Merchants that offer DCC must be compliant with the regulations
  • Inform the cardholder that DCC is optional
  • Not impose any additional requirements to use local currency
  • Not use any language or procedures that may cause the cardholder to choose DCC by default
  • Not convert a transaction in the local currency to the card's billing currency after the transaction has completed
  • Ensure that the cardholder expressly agrees to DCC

You can even use terminology from Visa Product and Service Rules when filing the dispute, giving Reason Code 76: Incorrect Currency or Transaction Code. Reason Code 76 is used when the transaction was processed with an incorrect transaction code, or an incorrect currency code, or one of the following:
  • Merchant did not deposit a transaction receipt in the country where the transaction occurred
  • Cardholder was not advised that Dynamic Currency Conversion (DCC) would occur
  • Cardholder was refused the choice of paying in the merchants local currency
  • Merchant processed a credit refund and did not process a reversal or adjustment within 30 calendar days for a transaction receipt processed in error

MasterCard's rules also clearly state that the POI Currency Conversion must be decided by both the merchant and customer. When filing a dispute with a MasterCard, list chargeback Reason Code 4846 from the MasterCard Chargeback Guide, which covers POI currency conversion disputes in the following circumstances:
  • The cardholder states that he or she was not given the opportunity to choose the desired currency in which the transactions was completed or did not agree to the currency of the transaction, or
  • POI currency conversion took place into a currency that is not the cardholder's billing currency, or
  • POI currency conversion took place when the goods or services were priced in the cardholder's billing currency, or
  • POI currency conversion took place when cash was disbursed in the cardholdeer's billing currency.

You do have a choice of currencies. Exercise that choice!

Do not get taken by surprise when faced with DCC, and know your options. As Visa/MC purport, you do have a choice of currencies, but you need to make that choice heard! Don't be complacent in this sneaky tactic by some merchants to pad revenues.

Before going to a different country, get educated. Understand the exchange rate relative to your native currency. Know how to recognize when the merchant is trying to force DCC on the transaction, and pull out all of the stops to make sure it doesn't happen to you.

If you have a chip-and-PIN credit card, it's easier to control the transaction to try to prevent DCC. With chip-and-signature, if you get an uncooperative merchant, deface the merchant's copy of the receipt. Write LOCAL OPTION NOT OFFERED, cross out the DCC currency amount, and sign the receipt.

This will give additional evidence when filing a dispute to get the DCC charges refunded. When filing the dispute, you can use the Visa Exchange Rate Calculator or MasterCard's Currency Conversion Tool to determine the Visa or MasterCard exchange rate on the date the transaction posted to your credit card. Compare this to the DCC value to figure out the amount by which the merchant overcharged you. Don't forget to add in any Foreign Transaction Fee if your card has one. (If it does, you should really consider finding a card for use overseas without a FTF. )

Example Images (click for a larger image)

Hotel receipts in China, the Netherlands, and Dubai respectively:



Purchase receipts in China and Korea:




Cancelled translation in Hong Kong:



Novotel in Shenzen:

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Dynamic Currency Conversion (DCC) [2014-2016]

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Old Jul 13, 2014 | 10:06 am
  #721  
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Originally Posted by zyxlsy
Actually, my last post is about London/Paris... I heard so many horrible stories about DCC there, but encountered so few. All I encountered were legit, meaning you can choose to opt out very easily.
I didn't seem to think DCC was that common in London. I haven't been to Paris - and the only time I went to France I had worse problems with my non-EMV card - so I can't comment there. The only examples I think of in the UK that were bad were some of the Marriott hotels. However, I think even they've improved their stance.
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Old Jul 13, 2014 | 7:17 pm
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Originally Posted by moondog
It's the best on Lockhart (Thai Farmer has better food, but its "hang out" value sucks).
Don't want to sound I am from another world, but when I am in HK, I go to 翠华 and 義顺 on Lockhart... And of course, they are in the Causeway Bay part of the Lockhart.

And of course, they are restaurants not bars... The only time I take my friends out, I took them to Outback, also in Causeway Bay...

Originally Posted by Majuki
I didn't seem to think DCC was that common in London. I haven't been to Paris - and the only time I went to France I had worse problems with my non-EMV card - so I can't comment there. The only examples I think of in the UK that were bad were some of the Marriott hotels. However, I think even they've improved their stance.
Yes, non-EMV will be a big problem in Europe. However, I found more places in Paris accepting magnetic card than London. In London it is quite impossible to use non-EMV card, as lots of POS only say "insert", not "swipe". However in Paris, I saw some American tourists using the United Explorer magnetic card in a metro station. And, the magnetic readers on POS in that city actually work.
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Old Jul 13, 2014 | 7:21 pm
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Originally Posted by zyxlsy
Yes, non-EMV will be a big problem in Europe. However, I found more places in Paris accepting magnetic card than London. In London it is quite impossible to use non-EMV card, as lots of POS only say "insert", not "swipe". However in Paris, I saw some American tourists using the United Explorer magnetic card in a metro station. And, the magnetic readers on POS in that city actually work.
You should ignore the terminal. Although the terminals say Insert card, you can still swipe the card on the magnetic stripe reader. I have experience of this as my UK diners club is still swipe and sign only.
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Old Jul 13, 2014 | 11:11 pm
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The kiosks on the London Underground most assuredly take the archaic American magnetic strip cards as do the main line railroad kiosks.

In Paris, the kiosks run by RATP, the local Paris transit authority most assuredly do take the archaic American cards. However, the kiosks run by SNCF say at CDG for the RER trip into centre-ville (downtown) most assuredly do not.

I have yet to come across a situation in London where one could not use the archaic American cards. Paris is pretty good that way too.

Now, however, try to use your archaic American card in the Netherlands and you will be up the creek without a paddle (or usable credit card which is not chip and pin).
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Old Jul 14, 2014 | 3:05 am
  #725  
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I used a US issued chase card without EMV chip to buy a SNCF ticket at a vending machine in CDG back in April 2012, so there is one data point.
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Old Jul 14, 2014 | 8:06 am
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Originally Posted by reclusive46
You should ignore the terminal. Although the terminals say Insert card, you can still swipe the card on the magnetic stripe reader. I have experience of this as my UK diners club is still swipe and sign only.
When I tried my United Club card at a TESCO near Hackney, the "insert card" really meant it... The mag reader didn't work.

But yes, I've successfully used my Club card at Fortrum and Masons and other stores.

Originally Posted by JEFFJAGUAR
The kiosks on the London Underground most assuredly take the archaic American magnetic strip cards as do the main line railroad kiosks.

In Paris, the kiosks run by RATP, the local Paris transit authority most assuredly do take the archaic American cards. However, the kiosks run by SNCF say at CDG for the RER trip into centre-ville (downtown) most assuredly do not.

I have yet to come across a situation in London where one could not use the archaic American cards. Paris is pretty good that way too.

Now, however, try to use your archaic American card in the Netherlands and you will be up the creek without a paddle (or usable credit card which is not chip and pin).
I've had that experience in Norway. In a 7-11 store, each time I swiped, the terminal asks for my PIN (In London and Paris, when I swipe, the terminal will say "signature"). Also got a lesson of "how you Americans can use a CC without a PIN" from the 7-11 manager...

In Paris, at Arc de Triumphe station, my CSP worked at a kiosk near RER A entrance, but didn't at a kiosk near M1 entrance.

But again, the trip was quite DCC-free. In the 100+ times I used my CC in both cities, I only got asked for currency selection for less than 5 times and my choices were all honored, and the rest just charged local currency without any extra input.
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Old Jul 14, 2014 | 8:11 am
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On a side topic, when I did the tax refunds, I chose cash because last time I did refunds to my CC, I saw a 3% difference in their exchange rate from EUR to USD (actually this is written on the forms).

However, I found out this time that they charge EUR 3.00 for EACH REFUND FORM when you get cash, as a commission (at CDG, the Travelex store). I better eat the 3% next time than a hard 3 EUR...
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Old Jul 14, 2014 | 8:54 am
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Originally Posted by zyxlsy
When I tried my United Club card at a TESCO near Hackney, the "insert card" really meant it... The mag reader didn't work.
Ah with Tesco you don't use the magnetic stripe reader on the card machine. If at a self service machine you use the dip style MSR underneath and if at a manned terminal the card has to be swiped by the cashier.
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Old Jul 14, 2014 | 11:11 pm
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Originally Posted by reclusive46
Ah with Tesco you don't use the magnetic stripe reader on the card machine. If at a self service machine you use the dip style MSR underneath and if at a manned terminal the card has to be swiped by the cashier.
Exactly, I was at a self-service machine. When the mag card didn't work, I used my CSP (Chip and Sig).

I had a very unsuccessful trip to the Northern Europe in 2013, and my only Marriott Rewards chip card saved me. This time I was armed with 5 chip cards from different issuer on different networks.

But I didn't have a Chip and Pin, as I didn't get the Propel World card (I want it really much, as I dine a lot at hotels). This is the only problem I ran into for the trip, at a RER station in Paris.

BTW, without a true Chip and PIN card (it is said that US Chip and PIN cards use Chip and Sig whenever possible, only go to Chip and PIN when on offline machines), self-service machines like the ones in TESCO aren't self-service, as you need to drag some staff to verify your signature, and they have to scan their employee ID... It was quite embarrassing...
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Old Jul 15, 2014 | 7:49 am
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I made that last mistake at the large Boots in Picadilly Circue one morning when there was no cashier on duty downstairs and I picked up a couple of diet coke cherry 500 ml bottles for 2 and used the USAA "improved" (ha ha) mc with chip which we now know is chip and signature preference #1. So...I inserted the car and was told wait for attendance. Wait for attendant. Wait for attendant. No way to cancel or whatever. Wait for attendance (for a bloody 2 charge). Finally 10 minutes later, an attendant shows up, enters her code and finishes the transaction and of course made sure she compared the signature (always done in the UK no matter how small the charge). A royal pain in the rear end for no reason at all.
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Old Jul 15, 2014 | 1:30 pm
  #731  
 
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Originally Posted by JEFFJAGUAR
The kiosks on the London Underground most assuredly take the archaic American magnetic strip cards as do the main line railroad kiosks.

In Paris, the kiosks run by RATP, the local Paris transit authority most assuredly do take the archaic American cards. However, the kiosks run by SNCF say at CDG for the RER trip into centre-ville (downtown) most assuredly do not.

I have yet to come across a situation in London where one could not use the archaic American cards. Paris is pretty good that way too.

Now, however, try to use your archaic American card in the Netherlands and you will be up the creek without a paddle (or usable credit card which is not chip and pin).
Chip and signature has been no problem in the Netherlands at shops which take Visa or Amex. Some magstrip readers are covered - even Starbucks! With a big "no magnetic strip" sticker.

The biggest issue by far is most shops are Maestro/V Pay only. To the extent OV-chipkaart machines rub it in your face with prominent "no Visa" and "no MasterCard" logos.
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Old Jul 15, 2014 | 6:35 pm
  #732  
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Originally Posted by JEFFJAGUAR
The kiosks on the London Underground most assuredly take the archaic American magnetic strip cards as do the main line railroad kiosks.

In Paris, the kiosks run by RATP, the local Paris transit authority most assuredly do take the archaic American cards. However, the kiosks run by SNCF say at CDG for the RER trip into centre-ville (downtown) most assuredly do not.

I have yet to come across a situation in London where one could not use the archaic American cards. Paris is pretty good that way too.

Now, however, try to use your archaic American card in the Netherlands and you will be up the creek without a paddle (or usable credit card which is not chip and pin).
Did you have to use the adjective every single time?
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Old Jul 15, 2014 | 7:18 pm
  #733  
 
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Originally Posted by AA_EXP09
Did you have to use the adjective every single time?
I guess I'm not a linguist and couldn't think of any synonyms for archaic...I guess I could have used dated. Thank you for correcting me.
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Old Jul 15, 2014 | 7:35 pm
  #734  
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Originally Posted by JEFFJAGUAR
I guess I'm not a linguist and couldn't think of any synonyms for archaic...I guess I could have used dated. Thank you for correcting me.
I think his point was that using "archaic" once would have conveyed the idea just as well.
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Old Jul 15, 2014 | 8:23 pm
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Originally Posted by moondog
I think his point was that using "archaic" once would have conveyed the idea just as well.
Well you have to understand that my mind is so warped by all this that whenever I think of the words magnetic strip, archaic pops right into my mind.
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