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Dynamic Currency Conversion (DCC) [2014-2016]

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Old Jan 18, 2014, 10:10 pm
FlyerTalk Forums Expert How-Tos and Guides
Last edit by: emilio911
What is it?

Dynamic Currency Conversion (DCC) is a "service" some merchants and ATM operators offer that will charge a cardholder in the native currency of the card rather than the local currency. A more complete definition and examples are available via this Wikipedia article on DCC. While sold as a convenience to cardholders traveling outside of their home country, it is a pure profit play by the merchants. You may end up paying a fee of up to 8% over the purchase price for accepting DCC. Always decline DCC and asked to be billed in the local currency!



Where will I see it?

You can be hit with DCC anywhere there is a difference between your debit or credit card's denominated currency and the currency of the location where you're trying to use the card. The most common example will be at a merchant overseas, but now some ATMs are offering the service too. While many US cardholders complain about getting tricked into accepting DCC overseas, some merchants in the US have started to use DCC as well.

What is the issue?

Unless you're the merchant or ATM operator, there isn't much benefit to using DCC. Some customers say they prefer knowing exactly how much they'll be charged in their home currency or may not know the exchange rate of the place where they are visiting. For example, if you are in Prague for two days and you don't know how much the Czech Koruna is worth relative to the US Dollar, you might feel more comfortable knowing that you're buying an item for $205.00 versus 4000 CZK. However, the real exchange rate as of January 18, 2014 would place 4000 CZK at $197.18. You just paid an extra $7.82 for the "convenience" of knowing how much you'd be charged!

DCC often charges about a 4% premium over the true exchange rate. The problems don't stop there since many US banks still charge a 3% foreign transaction fee (FTF) for purchases made outside of the US. Not only would you get hit with the $205.00 charge, you could also find yourself facing a total charge of $211.15 if your card has a 3% FTF.

This is a pure money grab from the merchants, and it's billed as an easy way to squeeze additional revenue out of the transaction. Numerous [1, 2] articles have talked about DCC duping many consumers. Discover even has a warning about being tricked into DCC when using a card abroad.

For example, this FlyerTalk member reported that Avis charged his Saudi credit card in Saudi riyals instead of USD for a car rental in Florida without his consent. This has also been a trend for hotels, particularly large chains as indicated here and here.

DCC is simply not worth it for the consumer. Unless you like paying a convenience fee of up to 5% of the total transaction just to know how much you will be billed, you should always decline DCC and ask to be billed in local currency when handing over your card.

Furthermore, it is in your interest to obtain a card that has a 0% FTF. FlyerTalk member kebosabi maintains a fairly comprehensive spreadsheet of EMV-enabled cards ideal for overseas travel, many of which offer a low or 0% FTF as a feature. There is also a wiki at FlyerGuide of various FTF of debit and credit cards.

What can I do to avoid DCC?

American Express currently does not support DCC on its network, so you are safe from DCC if using an American Express card. However, Visa and MasterCard card networks can support DCC, so be vigilant when purchasing abroad with a Visa or MasterCard branded card. There have been reports of being charged DCC with a Discover card in China [citation needed], but primarily the issue is happening with Visa and MasterCard cards.

Before handing your card to the merchant, always specify clearly that you want to be charged in the local currency and that you do not want DCC. For some transactions, you retain control of your card as you dip it into a chip reader and can view on a screen to select which currency you want to use for the transaction. Always select the local currencyto get the best exchange rate. Do not select the card's native currency!

Similarly, for ATM withdrawals, make sure you decline any kind of conversions. Some good examples of what to look for when using an ATM overseas are here and here. You're probably coming off of a long flight and fatigued, but educating yourself beforehand can save you from getting ripped off. The user interfaces on almost all of these ATMs are set up to encourage you to take the bait, and you have to be extremely vigilant not to fall for it.

If you are doing a PIN-based transaction, you should have the opportunity to review the total amount and denomination of the transaction before entering your PIN. If you are doing a signature transaction and the merchant has processed your transaction with DCC, cross out the amount and write "DCC refused" on the receipt. Do not sign the receipt, and demand that the merchant reverse the transaction and run it in the local currency. If no verification is required due to a small purchase amount, ask the merchant to reverse the charge and repeat the transaction using local currency. If all else fails, file a dispute with your card issuer when you return home. Even if it's immaterial, the banks will get the message like they did with EMV.

Some merchants will claim that their systems have to bill you in your native currency. This is a complete lie. But just like a mag stripe only card, this is battle where you have to be prepared. Don't settle for merchants claiming that "it has to be done this way" or "pay cash if you don't want this". Be prepared to walk away, and, if you must complete the transaction, write "DCC refused & merchant didn't give a choice" on the receipt and cross out the amount. Let the merchant know that you will be filing a dispute with your bank.

Disabling DCC

Disabling DCC on ANZ terminals in Australia

ANZ markets DCC as Customer Preferred Currency (CPC). Terminal operators can contact ANZ Merchant Services at 1800 039 025 to have this feature disabled. Currently, your Visa or MasterCard will be subjected to DCC if denominated in: CAD, CHF, DKK, EUR, GBP, HKD, JPY, MYR, NOK, NZD, SEK, SGD, THB, USD, or ZAR. All DCC transactions on ANZ will cause a 2.5% markup. Steps to avoid DCC:
  1. Insert, swipe, or tap your payment card
  2. Have the cashier select credit (CR)
  3. The terminal will display CREDIT ACCOUNT
  4. If applicable, enter your PIN
  5. The terminal will display PROCESSING \ PLEASE WAIT
  6. The terminal will display EXCH <exchange rate> \ <currency> <amount> \ ACCEPT RATE? \ ENTER=YES CLR=NO
  7. Instruct the cashier to press the yellow CLEAR (CLR) button (If entering a PIN, you can retain the terminal to perform this step yourself. If entering a signature, you can ask for the terminal to control this process, not indicating that it's a chip-and-signature card.)
  8. The transaction should now process without DCC

If you see a signature slip with DCC verbiage and a checkbox indicating a currency selection, kindly ask the merchant to void the transaction. If it's a PIN-based transaction, you have an additional opportunity to cancel the transaction because it will ask for your PIN a second time. For instance, if you see "EUR 17.29 KEY PIN" refuse to enter your PIN and start again.

Disabling DCC in China

There are many reports of forced DCC in China, and there is a great thread [closed to new posts] on DCC in China on the the China Destinations forum.

Disabling DCC on Bankcomm terminals in Beijing http://www.hongkongcard.com/forum/fo...p?id=12272&p=2 #19

jair101's DCC instructions of March 2011 http://www.etveg.com/misc/DCC_China.pdf

Disabling DCC in Eurozone and UK

DCC offered in tourist traps (Harrods Knightsbridge/Galleries Lafayette Montparnesse/El Cortes Ingles Grand Via Madrid)

Unlike the rest of the world, Visa Europe does not require merchants to collect a ticked box on the slip (presumably because merchants there don't keep signed slips under Chip-and-PIN)
El Cortes Ingles collects a signature electronically and the DCC selection is made on the signature pad - the choice is respected.
Harrods and GL rely on cashier input in the POS for the currency choice - the cashier may forget to ask. The POS do not offer voiding (only refunds), but since you're given a slip to sign the best thing to do is to deface it before signing and submit chargeback request to issuer bank on return home.

There may be smaller merchants who also collect DCC but I seemed to have pre-empted most of them by saying "charge Euros (Pounds) please"

In Spain all merchants by law are required to provide you with a complaint form called an hoja de reclamaciones if requested. The form has two carbon copies. The customer retains one copy as a record of the complaint. The merchant maintains another copy, and the third is sent to the local consumer protection bureau. Merchants are also required to post a sign conspicuously informing the customer of the right to complain (usually in Spanish and English). Do not accept the lie that they don't have any forms. This is illegal, and you are able to call the police if the merchant refuses to provide you with this official form. It's interesting to see merchants start to squirm when you know the rules, and most merchants will start to be accommodating after you mention it. (Please still fill out the form even if the merchant cooperates after mentioning it because these are likely the merchants who won't otherwise change their behavior.)

Disabling DCC in Hong Kong and Macau

Hong Kong and Macau can get as non-compliant as China, possibly because many acquirers have cross-border operations and know they can get away with non-compliant firmware and procedures.

In practice, if you are given a DCC slip, and the cashier has not taken a choice before giving you your copy, the slip will be processed in your home currency - be prepared to dispute.

Unable to disable Global Payments DCC in Hong Kong instance #1, instance #2

Unable to disable DBS DCC in Fortress Electronics HK

Unable to disable BoC DCC in Free Duty HK

Disabling DCC in Japan and Korea

Japan's just starting out http://www.flyertalk.com/forum/japan...ing-japan.html and http://www.hongkongcard.com/forum/fo...p?id=3939&p=17 #168 but there are no reports I know of where cardholders are compelled to use DCC against their will.

Korea is also not much affected by DCC but where offered, trying to opt out is harder than Japan due to the language barrier (both verbal and written)
http://www.hongkongcard.com/forum/fo...hp?id=4303&p=3 #23
http://www.hongkongcard.com/forum/fo...p?id=12272&p=2 #11

Disabling DCC in the Maldives

Disabling DCC on Global Payment terminals in the Maldives

Disabling DCC in Thailand and Taiwan

DCC present but generally not an issue. Cashier will generate quote slip is usually generated and pass to cardholder. When cardholder refuses, a verbage-free slip denominated in THB/TWD will be produced.

Certain Taiwan hotels may take deposits in cardholder currency. But these are only pre-authorisations and can be voided in full for TWD-only final checkout payments.

Disabling DCC on Websites

Airbnb - (Since the "loophole" seem not to work anymore, please report if you chargeback the DCC. )
Hotwire - You need to select your preferred currency before making a search.
PayPal - The instructions to stop the DCC on a recurring charge are here.

I got duped by DCC already before I found this thread. Is there anything I can do?

If you've been hit with DCC and the merchant did not follow the Visa/MC rules, you should file a dispute with your card issuer. Even if the transaction is a small amount, it's worth it to dispute the charge on principle. Do not let merchants get away with this scam uncontested!

If you were not clearly given a choice of currencies and did not specifically communicate a preference to be billed in your card's native currency - if you did not accept DCC - then you have recourse when filing a dispute with your card issuer. The Visa Product and Service Rules clearly state (p 339):
  • Merchants that offer DCC must be compliant with the regulations
  • Inform the cardholder that DCC is optional
  • Not impose any additional requirements to use local currency
  • Not use any language or procedures that may cause the cardholder to choose DCC by default
  • Not convert a transaction in the local currency to the card's billing currency after the transaction has completed
  • Ensure that the cardholder expressly agrees to DCC

You can even use terminology from Visa Product and Service Rules when filing the dispute, giving Reason Code 76: Incorrect Currency or Transaction Code. Reason Code 76 is used when the transaction was processed with an incorrect transaction code, or an incorrect currency code, or one of the following:
  • Merchant did not deposit a transaction receipt in the country where the transaction occurred
  • Cardholder was not advised that Dynamic Currency Conversion (DCC) would occur
  • Cardholder was refused the choice of paying in the merchant’s local currency
  • Merchant processed a credit refund and did not process a reversal or adjustment within 30 calendar days for a transaction receipt processed in error

MasterCard's rules also clearly state that the POI Currency Conversion must be decided by both the merchant and customer. When filing a dispute with a MasterCard, list chargeback Reason Code 4846 from the MasterCard Chargeback Guide, which covers POI currency conversion disputes in the following circumstances:
  • The cardholder states that he or she was not given the opportunity to choose the desired currency in which the transactions was completed or did not agree to the currency of the transaction, or
  • POI currency conversion took place into a currency that is not the cardholder's billing currency, or
  • POI currency conversion took place when the goods or services were priced in the cardholder's billing currency, or
  • POI currency conversion took place when cash was disbursed in the cardholdeer's billing currency.

You do have a choice of currencies. Exercise that choice!

Do not get taken by surprise when faced with DCC, and know your options. As Visa/MC purport, you do have a choice of currencies, but you need to make that choice heard! Don't be complacent in this sneaky tactic by some merchants to pad revenues.

Before going to a different country, get educated. Understand the exchange rate relative to your native currency. Know how to recognize when the merchant is trying to force DCC on the transaction, and pull out all of the stops to make sure it doesn't happen to you.

If you have a chip-and-PIN credit card, it's easier to control the transaction to try to prevent DCC. With chip-and-signature, if you get an uncooperative merchant, deface the merchant's copy of the receipt. Write LOCAL OPTION NOT OFFERED, cross out the DCC currency amount, and sign the receipt.

This will give additional evidence when filing a dispute to get the DCC charges refunded. When filing the dispute, you can use the Visa Exchange Rate Calculator or MasterCard's Currency Conversion Tool to determine the Visa or MasterCard exchange rate on the date the transaction posted to your credit card. Compare this to the DCC value to figure out the amount by which the merchant overcharged you. Don't forget to add in any Foreign Transaction Fee if your card has one. (If it does, you should really consider finding a card for use overseas without a FTF. )

Example Images (click for a larger image)

Hotel receipts in China, the Netherlands, and Dubai respectively:



Purchase receipts in China and Korea:




Cancelled translation in Hong Kong:



Novotel in Shenzen:

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Dynamic Currency Conversion (DCC) [2014-2016]

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Old Oct 10, 2015, 4:42 am
  #2101  
 
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Originally Posted by tng11
I have another example of forced DCC:

Went to get my tax-free refund at CPH at the Global Blue desk, which does refunds only by credit card. My refund was 17 EUR, they took my card and handed me a receipt saying I would be credited 17 EUR to my credit card.

Today, the refund shows up, but in CAD and not in EUR. (It is a 0% conversion Visa card), and the rate is a solid 7% worse than the rate I would have gotten with my card. At no point was I ever asked if I wanted my refund in EUR or CAD, Global Blue just did the conversion at their craptastic rates.

As if Global Blue wasn't making enough on their 50%+ cut of my tax refund, they also skimmed more off of my refund by using forced DCC.
Global Blue is so bad I'd rather just pay the tax and have it go to the country I enjoyed rather than go through a huge hassle to get less than half the tax and let them take most of the tax...
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Old Oct 10, 2015, 5:15 am
  #2102  
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This is not so much DCC but Global Blue taking maximum advantage of multi-currency processing http://www.hongkongcard.com/forum/fo...hp?id=6982&p=3 #21

Hotels.com and Agoda does this too - but since they are selling not refunding they don't levy a fee.

But still better than taking cash - I've a mate who's taken cash refund in UK and left his card detail as deposit. Global Blue claimed he did not submit stamped docs in UK within the required 21 days and fined him gbp 40. His refund was only half that. He charged back (he photoed his stamped docs) but bank refused chargeback in the first instance, he's escalating the complaint.

When buying in EU I tend to think the refund is a contingent asset I may or may not get and discount the refund accordingly. Ah I better copy this post to my wife - we're there in a fortnight.

Last edited by percysmith; Oct 10, 2015 at 5:20 am
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Old Oct 10, 2015, 6:25 am
  #2103  
 
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No DCC so far experienced in Malta.. which is kinda surprising..
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Old Oct 10, 2015, 10:20 am
  #2104  
 
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Originally Posted by percysmith
This is not so much DCC but Global Blue taking maximum advantage of multi-currency processing http://www.hongkongcard.com/forum/fo...hp?id=6982&p=3 #21

Hotels.com and Agoda does this too - but since they are selling not refunding they don't levy a fee.

But still better than taking cash - I've a mate who's taken cash refund in UK and left his card detail as deposit. Global Blue claimed he did not submit stamped docs in UK within the required 21 days and fined him gbp 40. His refund was only half that. He charged back (he photoed his stamped docs) but bank refused chargeback in the first instance, he's escalating the complaint.

When buying in EU I tend to think the refund is a contingent asset I may or may not get and discount the refund accordingly. Ah I better copy this post to my wife - we're there in a fortnight.
We bumped into the same thing in Europe this summer, though I forgot to check the rate exactly. I made sure to give them my multi-currency ICBC card for the refund so I'd get EUR back and I ended up getting it in USD. A little over 600EUR became 680USD.

This is why my family prefers tax-free shopping in Japan; the tax is taken off at the store, and all you have to do is drop off the slip at Customs when you leave.
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Old Oct 10, 2015, 6:17 pm
  #2105  
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Originally Posted by jamar
This is why my family prefers tax-free shopping in Japan; the tax is taken off at the store, and all you have to do is drop off the slip at Customs when you leave.
The mate visits Japan a lot more than EU and said as much.
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Old Oct 10, 2015, 6:24 pm
  #2106  
 
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This scam is so annoying it hurts. Traveling throughout Europe I was constantly offered the option for DCC. Just for laughs I would always as the server or front desk what they suggested and they almost always suggested I use my local US currency or said it didn't matter. I then explained to them that it does matter... and what they are saying is untrue. One nice waitress sat with me while we checked the conversion rates and when she saw the difference she was aghast. She said she'd never again offer it to any customers. Such a scam and so many people are unaware. This should be illegal.
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Old Oct 10, 2015, 6:46 pm
  #2107  
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Originally Posted by TravelinSperry
One nice waitress sat with me while we checked the conversion rates and when she saw the difference she was aghast. She said she'd never again offer it to any customers. Such a scam and so many people are unaware. This should be illegal.
That's very nice. Here in Asia most wait staff just do what their employers want to do as opposed to the right thing by their customers, especially visitors when the customers aren't likely to be repeat customers.
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Old Oct 10, 2015, 7:24 pm
  #2108  
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Originally Posted by percysmith
That's very nice. Here in Asia most wait staff just do what their employers want to do as opposed to the right thing by their customers, especially visitors when the customers aren't likely to be repeat customers.
I have never felt that DCC was encouraged in Asia rather that it was impossible to opt out under some circumstances.
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Old Oct 10, 2015, 8:05 pm
  #2109  
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Originally Posted by Majuki
I have never felt that DCC was encouraged in Asia rather that it was impossible to opt out under some circumstances.
"Impossible to opt out" is a subset of "encourage".

I have actually never seen a pos machine, in which opting out is truly impossible, but figuring out the opt out can waste a lot of time.
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Old Oct 11, 2015, 2:10 am
  #2110  
 
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What is painful is seeing how many people fall for the DCC scam. People see their home currency and think they're getting a deal. I've seen quite a few people selecting DCC for ATM withdrawals at UK airports, where the rates built in a 12% markup, no better than exchanging money at the bureaux de change counter at the airport!
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Old Oct 11, 2015, 2:24 am
  #2111  
 
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Originally Posted by tng11
I have another example of forced DCC:

Went to get my tax-free refund at CPH at the Global Blue desk, which does refunds only by credit card. My refund was 17 EUR, they took my card and handed me a receipt saying I would be credited 17 EUR to my credit card.
Is that covered by their best rate guarantee?
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Old Oct 11, 2015, 2:42 am
  #2112  
 
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Originally Posted by tng11
What is painful is seeing how many people fall for the DCC scam. People see their home currency and think they're getting a deal. I've seen quite a few people selecting DCC for ATM withdrawals at UK airports, where the rates built in a 12% markup, no better than exchanging money at the bureaux de change counter at the airport!
That's the thing, the MAJORITY of customers want DCC, even when they know the exchange rate markup, I think most people are indifferent - they'll try to opt-out if possible (usually) if they know the difference, but they don't really care much.

That's how DCC survives. There's no real alternative. Amex, but they have very few FTF-free cards. Discover can stop DCC, but as I learned it can also result in FORCED DCC.
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Old Oct 11, 2015, 8:08 am
  #2113  
 
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Originally Posted by AllieKat
That's the thing, the MAJORITY of customers want DCC, even when they know the exchange rate markup, I think most people are indifferent - they'll try to opt-out if possible (usually) if they know the difference, but they don't really care much.

That's how DCC survives. There's no real alternative. Amex, but they have very few FTF-free cards. Discover can stop DCC, but as I learned it can also result in FORCED DCC.
That's not true anymore... Amex has been removing fts from many of its cards now. Starwood Amex, Delta Amex and Premier Rewards Gold Amex no longer have ftfs.
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Old Oct 11, 2015, 9:03 am
  #2114  
 
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Originally Posted by TravelinSperry
That's not true anymore... Amex has been removing fts from many of its cards now. Starwood Amex, Delta Amex and Premier Rewards Gold Amex no longer have ftfs.
The funny thing is. In the UK all of the Amex issued cards have a forex fee. Almost non of the Amex cards issued by third party banks in the UK do.
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Old Oct 11, 2015, 9:08 am
  #2115  
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Originally Posted by AllieKat
That's the thing, the MAJORITY of customers want DCC, even when they know the exchange rate markup, I think most people are indifferent - they'll try to opt-out if possible (usually) if they know the difference, but they don't really care much.

That's how DCC survives. There's no real alternative. Amex, but they have very few FTF-free cards. Discover can stop DCC, but as I learned it can also result in FORCED DCC.
I thought Discover was immune to the DCC disease?

I'm uncertain if a majority of customers want DCC when they're aware of the markup, especially if they have a 0% FTF card. I think the scam continues because people end up paying for their ignorance. They first pay by not using a 0% FTF card and pay again when being corralled toward DCC. I got ripped off multiple times on my first trip (and subsequent trips) to Spain simply because I was ignorant of what it was. I remember asking the waitress in Spanish why I was seeing USD on the receipt and her reply was something to the effect of, "It's only for your information." I fell for it at the time, and it was only after visiting the fine city of Macau with a fixed exchange rate to HKD (and my association USD) how much I was getting ripped off.

I will not prevent people from paying for their ignorance (although I try to coach), but at least give those in the know a way to opt out.

Originally Posted by TravelinSperry
That's not true anymore... Amex has been removing fts from many of its cards now. Starwood Amex, Delta Amex and Premier Rewards Gold Amex no longer have ftfs.
For stateside issued cards, AmEx has become a viable option to prevent DCC, but we've determined informally on this thread that the exchange rates aren't as favorable as a 0% Visa/MC if you're converting from a currency without a fixed exchange rate. For example, with a USD-denominated card you're okay to use AmEx in HK or China since the exchange rate is fixed for HK or a narrow band for China. In fact, my wife mandated I use AmEx after an upscale dinner in Hong Kong one night to avoid a scene when the bill came.
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