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Dynamic Currency Conversion (DCC) [2014-2016]

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Old Jan 18, 2014, 10:10 pm
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Last edit by: emilio911
What is it?

Dynamic Currency Conversion (DCC) is a "service" some merchants and ATM operators offer that will charge a cardholder in the native currency of the card rather than the local currency. A more complete definition and examples are available via this Wikipedia article on DCC. While sold as a convenience to cardholders traveling outside of their home country, it is a pure profit play by the merchants. You may end up paying a fee of up to 8% over the purchase price for accepting DCC. Always decline DCC and asked to be billed in the local currency!



Where will I see it?

You can be hit with DCC anywhere there is a difference between your debit or credit card's denominated currency and the currency of the location where you're trying to use the card. The most common example will be at a merchant overseas, but now some ATMs are offering the service too. While many US cardholders complain about getting tricked into accepting DCC overseas, some merchants in the US have started to use DCC as well.

What is the issue?

Unless you're the merchant or ATM operator, there isn't much benefit to using DCC. Some customers say they prefer knowing exactly how much they'll be charged in their home currency or may not know the exchange rate of the place where they are visiting. For example, if you are in Prague for two days and you don't know how much the Czech Koruna is worth relative to the US Dollar, you might feel more comfortable knowing that you're buying an item for $205.00 versus 4000 CZK. However, the real exchange rate as of January 18, 2014 would place 4000 CZK at $197.18. You just paid an extra $7.82 for the "convenience" of knowing how much you'd be charged!

DCC often charges about a 4% premium over the true exchange rate. The problems don't stop there since many US banks still charge a 3% foreign transaction fee (FTF) for purchases made outside of the US. Not only would you get hit with the $205.00 charge, you could also find yourself facing a total charge of $211.15 if your card has a 3% FTF.

This is a pure money grab from the merchants, and it's billed as an easy way to squeeze additional revenue out of the transaction. Numerous [1, 2] articles have talked about DCC duping many consumers. Discover even has a warning about being tricked into DCC when using a card abroad.

For example, this FlyerTalk member reported that Avis charged his Saudi credit card in Saudi riyals instead of USD for a car rental in Florida without his consent. This has also been a trend for hotels, particularly large chains as indicated here and here.

DCC is simply not worth it for the consumer. Unless you like paying a convenience fee of up to 5% of the total transaction just to know how much you will be billed, you should always decline DCC and ask to be billed in local currency when handing over your card.

Furthermore, it is in your interest to obtain a card that has a 0% FTF. FlyerTalk member kebosabi maintains a fairly comprehensive spreadsheet of EMV-enabled cards ideal for overseas travel, many of which offer a low or 0% FTF as a feature. There is also a wiki at FlyerGuide of various FTF of debit and credit cards.

What can I do to avoid DCC?

American Express currently does not support DCC on its network, so you are safe from DCC if using an American Express card. However, Visa and MasterCard card networks can support DCC, so be vigilant when purchasing abroad with a Visa or MasterCard branded card. There have been reports of being charged DCC with a Discover card in China [citation needed], but primarily the issue is happening with Visa and MasterCard cards.

Before handing your card to the merchant, always specify clearly that you want to be charged in the local currency and that you do not want DCC. For some transactions, you retain control of your card as you dip it into a chip reader and can view on a screen to select which currency you want to use for the transaction. Always select the local currencyto get the best exchange rate. Do not select the card's native currency!

Similarly, for ATM withdrawals, make sure you decline any kind of conversions. Some good examples of what to look for when using an ATM overseas are here and here. You're probably coming off of a long flight and fatigued, but educating yourself beforehand can save you from getting ripped off. The user interfaces on almost all of these ATMs are set up to encourage you to take the bait, and you have to be extremely vigilant not to fall for it.

If you are doing a PIN-based transaction, you should have the opportunity to review the total amount and denomination of the transaction before entering your PIN. If you are doing a signature transaction and the merchant has processed your transaction with DCC, cross out the amount and write "DCC refused" on the receipt. Do not sign the receipt, and demand that the merchant reverse the transaction and run it in the local currency. If no verification is required due to a small purchase amount, ask the merchant to reverse the charge and repeat the transaction using local currency. If all else fails, file a dispute with your card issuer when you return home. Even if it's immaterial, the banks will get the message like they did with EMV.

Some merchants will claim that their systems have to bill you in your native currency. This is a complete lie. But just like a mag stripe only card, this is battle where you have to be prepared. Don't settle for merchants claiming that "it has to be done this way" or "pay cash if you don't want this". Be prepared to walk away, and, if you must complete the transaction, write "DCC refused & merchant didn't give a choice" on the receipt and cross out the amount. Let the merchant know that you will be filing a dispute with your bank.

Disabling DCC

Disabling DCC on ANZ terminals in Australia

ANZ markets DCC as Customer Preferred Currency (CPC). Terminal operators can contact ANZ Merchant Services at 1800 039 025 to have this feature disabled. Currently, your Visa or MasterCard will be subjected to DCC if denominated in: CAD, CHF, DKK, EUR, GBP, HKD, JPY, MYR, NOK, NZD, SEK, SGD, THB, USD, or ZAR. All DCC transactions on ANZ will cause a 2.5% markup. Steps to avoid DCC:
  1. Insert, swipe, or tap your payment card
  2. Have the cashier select credit (CR)
  3. The terminal will display CREDIT ACCOUNT
  4. If applicable, enter your PIN
  5. The terminal will display PROCESSING \ PLEASE WAIT
  6. The terminal will display EXCH <exchange rate> \ <currency> <amount> \ ACCEPT RATE? \ ENTER=YES CLR=NO
  7. Instruct the cashier to press the yellow CLEAR (CLR) button (If entering a PIN, you can retain the terminal to perform this step yourself. If entering a signature, you can ask for the terminal to control this process, not indicating that it's a chip-and-signature card.)
  8. The transaction should now process without DCC

If you see a signature slip with DCC verbiage and a checkbox indicating a currency selection, kindly ask the merchant to void the transaction. If it's a PIN-based transaction, you have an additional opportunity to cancel the transaction because it will ask for your PIN a second time. For instance, if you see "EUR 17.29 KEY PIN" refuse to enter your PIN and start again.

Disabling DCC in China

There are many reports of forced DCC in China, and there is a great thread [closed to new posts] on DCC in China on the the China Destinations forum.

Disabling DCC on Bankcomm terminals in Beijing http://www.hongkongcard.com/forum/fo...p?id=12272&p=2 #19

jair101's DCC instructions of March 2011 http://www.etveg.com/misc/DCC_China.pdf

Disabling DCC in Eurozone and UK

DCC offered in tourist traps (Harrods Knightsbridge/Galleries Lafayette Montparnesse/El Cortes Ingles Grand Via Madrid)

Unlike the rest of the world, Visa Europe does not require merchants to collect a ticked box on the slip (presumably because merchants there don't keep signed slips under Chip-and-PIN)
El Cortes Ingles collects a signature electronically and the DCC selection is made on the signature pad - the choice is respected.
Harrods and GL rely on cashier input in the POS for the currency choice - the cashier may forget to ask. The POS do not offer voiding (only refunds), but since you're given a slip to sign the best thing to do is to deface it before signing and submit chargeback request to issuer bank on return home.

There may be smaller merchants who also collect DCC but I seemed to have pre-empted most of them by saying "charge Euros (Pounds) please"

In Spain all merchants by law are required to provide you with a complaint form called an hoja de reclamaciones if requested. The form has two carbon copies. The customer retains one copy as a record of the complaint. The merchant maintains another copy, and the third is sent to the local consumer protection bureau. Merchants are also required to post a sign conspicuously informing the customer of the right to complain (usually in Spanish and English). Do not accept the lie that they don't have any forms. This is illegal, and you are able to call the police if the merchant refuses to provide you with this official form. It's interesting to see merchants start to squirm when you know the rules, and most merchants will start to be accommodating after you mention it. (Please still fill out the form even if the merchant cooperates after mentioning it because these are likely the merchants who won't otherwise change their behavior.)

Disabling DCC in Hong Kong and Macau

Hong Kong and Macau can get as non-compliant as China, possibly because many acquirers have cross-border operations and know they can get away with non-compliant firmware and procedures.

In practice, if you are given a DCC slip, and the cashier has not taken a choice before giving you your copy, the slip will be processed in your home currency - be prepared to dispute.

Unable to disable Global Payments DCC in Hong Kong instance #1, instance #2

Unable to disable DBS DCC in Fortress Electronics HK

Unable to disable BoC DCC in Free Duty HK

Disabling DCC in Japan and Korea

Japan's just starting out http://www.flyertalk.com/forum/japan...ing-japan.html and http://www.hongkongcard.com/forum/fo...p?id=3939&p=17 #168 but there are no reports I know of where cardholders are compelled to use DCC against their will.

Korea is also not much affected by DCC but where offered, trying to opt out is harder than Japan due to the language barrier (both verbal and written)
http://www.hongkongcard.com/forum/fo...hp?id=4303&p=3 #23
http://www.hongkongcard.com/forum/fo...p?id=12272&p=2 #11

Disabling DCC in the Maldives

Disabling DCC on Global Payment terminals in the Maldives

Disabling DCC in Thailand and Taiwan

DCC present but generally not an issue. Cashier will generate quote slip is usually generated and pass to cardholder. When cardholder refuses, a verbage-free slip denominated in THB/TWD will be produced.

Certain Taiwan hotels may take deposits in cardholder currency. But these are only pre-authorisations and can be voided in full for TWD-only final checkout payments.

Disabling DCC on Websites

Airbnb - (Since the "loophole" seem not to work anymore, please report if you chargeback the DCC. )
Hotwire - You need to select your preferred currency before making a search.
PayPal - The instructions to stop the DCC on a recurring charge are here.

I got duped by DCC already before I found this thread. Is there anything I can do?

If you've been hit with DCC and the merchant did not follow the Visa/MC rules, you should file a dispute with your card issuer. Even if the transaction is a small amount, it's worth it to dispute the charge on principle. Do not let merchants get away with this scam uncontested!

If you were not clearly given a choice of currencies and did not specifically communicate a preference to be billed in your card's native currency - if you did not accept DCC - then you have recourse when filing a dispute with your card issuer. The Visa Product and Service Rules clearly state (p 339):
  • Merchants that offer DCC must be compliant with the regulations
  • Inform the cardholder that DCC is optional
  • Not impose any additional requirements to use local currency
  • Not use any language or procedures that may cause the cardholder to choose DCC by default
  • Not convert a transaction in the local currency to the card's billing currency after the transaction has completed
  • Ensure that the cardholder expressly agrees to DCC

You can even use terminology from Visa Product and Service Rules when filing the dispute, giving Reason Code 76: Incorrect Currency or Transaction Code. Reason Code 76 is used when the transaction was processed with an incorrect transaction code, or an incorrect currency code, or one of the following:
  • Merchant did not deposit a transaction receipt in the country where the transaction occurred
  • Cardholder was not advised that Dynamic Currency Conversion (DCC) would occur
  • Cardholder was refused the choice of paying in the merchant’s local currency
  • Merchant processed a credit refund and did not process a reversal or adjustment within 30 calendar days for a transaction receipt processed in error

MasterCard's rules also clearly state that the POI Currency Conversion must be decided by both the merchant and customer. When filing a dispute with a MasterCard, list chargeback Reason Code 4846 from the MasterCard Chargeback Guide, which covers POI currency conversion disputes in the following circumstances:
  • The cardholder states that he or she was not given the opportunity to choose the desired currency in which the transactions was completed or did not agree to the currency of the transaction, or
  • POI currency conversion took place into a currency that is not the cardholder's billing currency, or
  • POI currency conversion took place when the goods or services were priced in the cardholder's billing currency, or
  • POI currency conversion took place when cash was disbursed in the cardholdeer's billing currency.

You do have a choice of currencies. Exercise that choice!

Do not get taken by surprise when faced with DCC, and know your options. As Visa/MC purport, you do have a choice of currencies, but you need to make that choice heard! Don't be complacent in this sneaky tactic by some merchants to pad revenues.

Before going to a different country, get educated. Understand the exchange rate relative to your native currency. Know how to recognize when the merchant is trying to force DCC on the transaction, and pull out all of the stops to make sure it doesn't happen to you.

If you have a chip-and-PIN credit card, it's easier to control the transaction to try to prevent DCC. With chip-and-signature, if you get an uncooperative merchant, deface the merchant's copy of the receipt. Write LOCAL OPTION NOT OFFERED, cross out the DCC currency amount, and sign the receipt.

This will give additional evidence when filing a dispute to get the DCC charges refunded. When filing the dispute, you can use the Visa Exchange Rate Calculator or MasterCard's Currency Conversion Tool to determine the Visa or MasterCard exchange rate on the date the transaction posted to your credit card. Compare this to the DCC value to figure out the amount by which the merchant overcharged you. Don't forget to add in any Foreign Transaction Fee if your card has one. (If it does, you should really consider finding a card for use overseas without a FTF. )

Example Images (click for a larger image)

Hotel receipts in China, the Netherlands, and Dubai respectively:



Purchase receipts in China and Korea:




Cancelled translation in Hong Kong:



Novotel in Shenzen:

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Dynamic Currency Conversion (DCC) [2014-2016]

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Old Feb 17, 2016 | 9:24 pm
  #2371  
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You can get a price estimate anywhere Uber operates by opening the app. I just asked it for an estimate from some random place in Shanghai to some other random place, and it quoted me in CNĄ (for a "People's Uber+". Seriously!)
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Old Feb 17, 2016 | 9:43 pm
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Originally Posted by zyxlsy
That's my experience with HK. So I was pretty shocked when percysmith brought up the Greyhound Café incident.
Airport duty free has always been compliant in multiple geographies. When percysmith and I were at the Greyhound Cafe at Cityplaza, there wasn't a readily apparent way to disable DCC. We asked the cashier to press cancel, but there was no effect.

Most places I've been respect DCC choice in Hong Kong, but Greyhound definitely did not. Because of these headaches, I use my Octopus for small transactions and save the DCC fight for things that matter.
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Old Feb 17, 2016 | 11:41 pm
  #2373  
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Originally Posted by zyxlsy
That's my experience with HK. So I was pretty shocked when percysmith brought up the Greyhound Café incident.



With Uber aggressively expanding in China, I bet they charge locals in local currency.

Maybe they only do his to US-issued cards because they have the means to charge USD since they are a US-based company?

I can understand charging USD on US cards can save them some interexchange fees, and if their rates are reasonable no one would complain. Something like a good DCC.

I kinda remember pulling out Uber in Singapore showed me USD rates as well in the estimates. Didn't use it so cannot tell whether it was USD that would be actually charged.

Maybe one day I'll pull out Uber in China to take a look at the estimates. If it is also USD, I'd bet they just charge you using your card's currency no matter where you go.

However this does mean a more complex central management system that they have to move the fund to the local subsidiaries to pay the local drivers in their local currencies. But it makes sense in terms of reducing the complexity of accepting foreign payment methods I guess, as this means no foreign payment methods at all...
I don't have Chinese credit cards so I don't know what happens to the locals but I've never not been charged in local currency except in China.
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Old Feb 18, 2016 | 10:37 pm
  #2374  
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Originally Posted by zyxlsy
That's my experience with HK. So I was pretty shocked when percysmith brought up the Greyhound Café incident.



With Uber aggressively expanding in China, I bet they charge locals in local currency.

Maybe they only do his to US-issued cards because they have the means to charge USD since they are a US-based company?

I can understand charging USD on US cards can save them some interexchange fees, and if their rates are reasonable no one would complain. Something like a good DCC.

I kinda remember pulling out Uber in Singapore showed me USD rates as well in the estimates. Didn't use it so cannot tell whether it was USD that would be actually charged.

Maybe one day I'll pull out Uber in China to take a look at the estimates. If it is also USD, I'd bet they just charge you using your card's currency no matter where you go.

However this does mean a more complex central management system that they have to move the fund to the local subsidiaries to pay the local drivers in their local currencies. But it makes sense in terms of reducing the complexity of accepting foreign payment methods I guess, as this means no foreign payment methods at all...
I used Uber in Singapore and was charged S$ (Visa)
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Old Feb 23, 2016 | 12:23 am
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Originally Posted by NYCFlyer10001
You can get a price estimate anywhere Uber operates by opening the app. I just asked it for an estimate from some random place in Shanghai to some other random place, and it quoted me in CNĄ (for a "People's Uber+". Seriously!)
Originally Posted by 1353513636
I don't have Chinese credit cards so I don't know what happens to the locals but I've never not been charged in local currency except in China.
Originally Posted by AA_EXP09
I used Uber in Singapore and was charged S$ (Visa)
I pulled UBER in Beijing and it quotes in CNY. Didn't try actually using it so cannot confirm whether it is CNY that will be charged to my Citi Premier MC issued in US.

I begin to feel that my thought of $ in Singapore still means USD is wrong... In my defense, lots of places I go to mark S$. When I see $ estimates on UBER in Singapore I thought it would charge me in USD...

Glad that AA_EXP09 confirms that UBER charges S$ in Singapore. For a 2/2 (Singapore, China), we can see UBER charges local currency. Then why we have this conversation? What was the place of exception again?
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Old Feb 23, 2016 | 2:26 pm
  #2376  
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It was China. My experience spending about a month in China this summer was that Uber charged my (US issued) card in USD, but the exchange rate was identical to the pegged rate after I checked it (No DCC). This USD charge was actually helpful because with the Capital One Quicksilver, I get an effective 21.5% back on USD-denominated Uber transactions, making Uber perhaps the one merchant where a DCC surcharge could actually enable you to get out quite a bit ahead.
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Old Feb 23, 2016 | 7:39 pm
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Originally Posted by lrm72
It was China. My experience spending about a month in China this summer was that Uber charged my (US issued) card in USD, but the exchange rate was identical to the pegged rate after I checked it (No DCC). This USD charge was actually helpful because with the Capital One Quicksilver, I get an effective 21.5% back on USD-denominated Uber transactions, making Uber perhaps the one merchant where a DCC surcharge could actually enable you to get out quite a bit ahead.
You get 21.5% back on foreign denominated Uber rides too. Any word on whether this is continuing beyond this coming April?
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Old Feb 24, 2016 | 1:42 pm
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Timely, that this discussion has turned to Uber. Most of the discussion in this thread seems to focus on Asia, but my travels in Latin America keep turning up new instances of DCC creep all over the place.

I was just in Costa Rica and used Uber. My card was charged in USD despite being quoted in the local currency when I booked the ride. The charge on my statement was US$14, charged as USD. But it should've been around US$10.50 had the transaction gone through in the local Costa Rican currency and left for my card issuer to do the conversion. Needless to say, at no point did I have the option to select which currency I wanted to be charged in.
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Old Feb 25, 2016 | 1:45 pm
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Originally Posted by Vasco
Timely, that this discussion has turned to Uber. Most of the discussion in this thread seems to focus on Asia, but my travels in Latin America keep turning up new instances of DCC creep all over the place.

I was just in Costa Rica and used Uber. My card was charged in USD despite being quoted in the local currency when I booked the ride. The charge on my statement was US$14, charged as USD. But it should've been around US$10.50 had the transaction gone through in the local Costa Rican currency and left for my card issuer to do the conversion. Needless to say, at no point did I have the option to select which currency I wanted to be charged in.
How does the receipt show this conversion? Or is the price still in Costa Rican currency?

I used Uber for the first time recently. I noticed my GBP transaction was processed in the Netherlands and the charge showed as a transaction on my credit card within a few hours (most transactions take one or two working days to show). Never had a transaction post on the same day with this card, except Uber. No idea what card processor they use, but it seems they do things differently.
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Old Feb 26, 2016 | 1:46 am
  #2380  
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Europcar at MUC hit me with DCC on Monday morning, luckily I saw a USD (nor EUR) amount on the confirmation on the signature terminal and asked them to remove the DCC. Which they did very grudgingly.
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Old Feb 26, 2016 | 1:55 am
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Originally Posted by oliver2002
Europcar at MUC hit me with DCC on Monday morning, luckily I saw a USD (nor EUR) amount on the confirmation on the signature terminal and asked them to remove the DCC. Which they did very grudgingly.
I'm SHOCKED they removed it. Most rental car contracts state they're allowed to DCC and you have no opt-out.
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Old Feb 26, 2016 | 2:55 am
  #2382  
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Originally Posted by AllieKat
I'm SHOCKED they removed it. Most rental car contracts state they're allowed to DCC and you have no opt-out.
In case we don't manage to overcharge you on petrol usage and/or charging for scratches that you didn't made, please be noted that we'll at least try to DCC scam you
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Old Feb 26, 2016 | 1:37 pm
  #2383  
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Uber has been rather inconsistent for me with DCC.

I made a number of Uber trips in South Africa, using Apple Pay supported by my US-issued HSBC Mastercard. They were all billed by Uber in USD, but the rate that Uber billed at was directly on the spot rate, same as HSBC on my other ZAR transactions on the same day.

When I switched my payment card to a Canadian issued Amazon.ca Visa, my card was just billed in ZAR directly with no DCC by Uber. When I made a few trips in the US using my Canadian AMEX, the charge also went straight through to my AMEX in USD and not CAD.

AirBNB has been a totally different story - their exchange rates are horrid. I just end up setting the country to the host country and that fixes the issue.
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Old Feb 27, 2016 | 8:18 pm
  #2384  
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Originally Posted by tng11
AirBNB has been a totally different story - their exchange rates are horrid. I just end up setting the country to the host country and that fixes the issue.
Yup, that seems to work fine. The host country that you select on the site is the country you are "in". If you are "in" your home country, and they charge you in the currency of that country, then it's not DCC. It would be like a BA ticket office in the US charging you in dollars because you bought the ticket and swiped your card in the US. Luckily AirBnB seems to have no problem with you claiming to be located in whatever country you want, so no VPN is necessary.
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Old Feb 29, 2016 | 8:53 pm
  #2385  
 
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I had a strange experience last week on eBay. I bought an item that was AU$50 using my US-issued no FTF VISA card. I checked out using their "credit card" option, not PayPal; this means the transaction is still processed through PayPal, without logging into a PayPal account. Through the entire transaction the price was listed as AU$50.

Then when the charge posted to my bank, it appeared as US$36.80. Using the VISA currency exchange calculator, I should have gotten US$36.65 on that date; the XE.com conversion was US$36.16. I called my bank about the conversion; they said this charge was submitted in US$. Previously, all foreign currency charges have been consistent with the VISA calculator.

Did eBay/PayPal just DCC me for 0.4%? I'm not going to dispute this transaction over US$0.15 and risk my eBay account.
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