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Dynamic Currency Conversion (DCC) [2014-2016]

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Old Jan 18, 2014, 10:10 pm
FlyerTalk Forums Expert How-Tos and Guides
Last edit by: emilio911
What is it?

Dynamic Currency Conversion (DCC) is a "service" some merchants and ATM operators offer that will charge a cardholder in the native currency of the card rather than the local currency. A more complete definition and examples are available via this Wikipedia article on DCC. While sold as a convenience to cardholders traveling outside of their home country, it is a pure profit play by the merchants. You may end up paying a fee of up to 8% over the purchase price for accepting DCC. Always decline DCC and asked to be billed in the local currency!



Where will I see it?

You can be hit with DCC anywhere there is a difference between your debit or credit card's denominated currency and the currency of the location where you're trying to use the card. The most common example will be at a merchant overseas, but now some ATMs are offering the service too. While many US cardholders complain about getting tricked into accepting DCC overseas, some merchants in the US have started to use DCC as well.

What is the issue?

Unless you're the merchant or ATM operator, there isn't much benefit to using DCC. Some customers say they prefer knowing exactly how much they'll be charged in their home currency or may not know the exchange rate of the place where they are visiting. For example, if you are in Prague for two days and you don't know how much the Czech Koruna is worth relative to the US Dollar, you might feel more comfortable knowing that you're buying an item for $205.00 versus 4000 CZK. However, the real exchange rate as of January 18, 2014 would place 4000 CZK at $197.18. You just paid an extra $7.82 for the "convenience" of knowing how much you'd be charged!

DCC often charges about a 4% premium over the true exchange rate. The problems don't stop there since many US banks still charge a 3% foreign transaction fee (FTF) for purchases made outside of the US. Not only would you get hit with the $205.00 charge, you could also find yourself facing a total charge of $211.15 if your card has a 3% FTF.

This is a pure money grab from the merchants, and it's billed as an easy way to squeeze additional revenue out of the transaction. Numerous [1, 2] articles have talked about DCC duping many consumers. Discover even has a warning about being tricked into DCC when using a card abroad.

For example, this FlyerTalk member reported that Avis charged his Saudi credit card in Saudi riyals instead of USD for a car rental in Florida without his consent. This has also been a trend for hotels, particularly large chains as indicated here and here.

DCC is simply not worth it for the consumer. Unless you like paying a convenience fee of up to 5% of the total transaction just to know how much you will be billed, you should always decline DCC and ask to be billed in local currency when handing over your card.

Furthermore, it is in your interest to obtain a card that has a 0% FTF. FlyerTalk member kebosabi maintains a fairly comprehensive spreadsheet of EMV-enabled cards ideal for overseas travel, many of which offer a low or 0% FTF as a feature. There is also a wiki at FlyerGuide of various FTF of debit and credit cards.

What can I do to avoid DCC?

American Express currently does not support DCC on its network, so you are safe from DCC if using an American Express card. However, Visa and MasterCard card networks can support DCC, so be vigilant when purchasing abroad with a Visa or MasterCard branded card. There have been reports of being charged DCC with a Discover card in China [citation needed], but primarily the issue is happening with Visa and MasterCard cards.

Before handing your card to the merchant, always specify clearly that you want to be charged in the local currency and that you do not want DCC. For some transactions, you retain control of your card as you dip it into a chip reader and can view on a screen to select which currency you want to use for the transaction. Always select the local currencyto get the best exchange rate. Do not select the card's native currency!

Similarly, for ATM withdrawals, make sure you decline any kind of conversions. Some good examples of what to look for when using an ATM overseas are here and here. You're probably coming off of a long flight and fatigued, but educating yourself beforehand can save you from getting ripped off. The user interfaces on almost all of these ATMs are set up to encourage you to take the bait, and you have to be extremely vigilant not to fall for it.

If you are doing a PIN-based transaction, you should have the opportunity to review the total amount and denomination of the transaction before entering your PIN. If you are doing a signature transaction and the merchant has processed your transaction with DCC, cross out the amount and write "DCC refused" on the receipt. Do not sign the receipt, and demand that the merchant reverse the transaction and run it in the local currency. If no verification is required due to a small purchase amount, ask the merchant to reverse the charge and repeat the transaction using local currency. If all else fails, file a dispute with your card issuer when you return home. Even if it's immaterial, the banks will get the message like they did with EMV.

Some merchants will claim that their systems have to bill you in your native currency. This is a complete lie. But just like a mag stripe only card, this is battle where you have to be prepared. Don't settle for merchants claiming that "it has to be done this way" or "pay cash if you don't want this". Be prepared to walk away, and, if you must complete the transaction, write "DCC refused & merchant didn't give a choice" on the receipt and cross out the amount. Let the merchant know that you will be filing a dispute with your bank.

Disabling DCC

Disabling DCC on ANZ terminals in Australia

ANZ markets DCC as Customer Preferred Currency (CPC). Terminal operators can contact ANZ Merchant Services at 1800 039 025 to have this feature disabled. Currently, your Visa or MasterCard will be subjected to DCC if denominated in: CAD, CHF, DKK, EUR, GBP, HKD, JPY, MYR, NOK, NZD, SEK, SGD, THB, USD, or ZAR. All DCC transactions on ANZ will cause a 2.5% markup. Steps to avoid DCC:
  1. Insert, swipe, or tap your payment card
  2. Have the cashier select credit (CR)
  3. The terminal will display CREDIT ACCOUNT
  4. If applicable, enter your PIN
  5. The terminal will display PROCESSING \ PLEASE WAIT
  6. The terminal will display EXCH <exchange rate> \ <currency> <amount> \ ACCEPT RATE? \ ENTER=YES CLR=NO
  7. Instruct the cashier to press the yellow CLEAR (CLR) button (If entering a PIN, you can retain the terminal to perform this step yourself. If entering a signature, you can ask for the terminal to control this process, not indicating that it's a chip-and-signature card.)
  8. The transaction should now process without DCC

If you see a signature slip with DCC verbiage and a checkbox indicating a currency selection, kindly ask the merchant to void the transaction. If it's a PIN-based transaction, you have an additional opportunity to cancel the transaction because it will ask for your PIN a second time. For instance, if you see "EUR 17.29 KEY PIN" refuse to enter your PIN and start again.

Disabling DCC in China

There are many reports of forced DCC in China, and there is a great thread [closed to new posts] on DCC in China on the the China Destinations forum.

Disabling DCC on Bankcomm terminals in Beijing http://www.hongkongcard.com/forum/fo...p?id=12272&p=2 #19

jair101's DCC instructions of March 2011 http://www.etveg.com/misc/DCC_China.pdf

Disabling DCC in Eurozone and UK

DCC offered in tourist traps (Harrods Knightsbridge/Galleries Lafayette Montparnesse/El Cortes Ingles Grand Via Madrid)

Unlike the rest of the world, Visa Europe does not require merchants to collect a ticked box on the slip (presumably because merchants there don't keep signed slips under Chip-and-PIN)
El Cortes Ingles collects a signature electronically and the DCC selection is made on the signature pad - the choice is respected.
Harrods and GL rely on cashier input in the POS for the currency choice - the cashier may forget to ask. The POS do not offer voiding (only refunds), but since you're given a slip to sign the best thing to do is to deface it before signing and submit chargeback request to issuer bank on return home.

There may be smaller merchants who also collect DCC but I seemed to have pre-empted most of them by saying "charge Euros (Pounds) please"

In Spain all merchants by law are required to provide you with a complaint form called an hoja de reclamaciones if requested. The form has two carbon copies. The customer retains one copy as a record of the complaint. The merchant maintains another copy, and the third is sent to the local consumer protection bureau. Merchants are also required to post a sign conspicuously informing the customer of the right to complain (usually in Spanish and English). Do not accept the lie that they don't have any forms. This is illegal, and you are able to call the police if the merchant refuses to provide you with this official form. It's interesting to see merchants start to squirm when you know the rules, and most merchants will start to be accommodating after you mention it. (Please still fill out the form even if the merchant cooperates after mentioning it because these are likely the merchants who won't otherwise change their behavior.)

Disabling DCC in Hong Kong and Macau

Hong Kong and Macau can get as non-compliant as China, possibly because many acquirers have cross-border operations and know they can get away with non-compliant firmware and procedures.

In practice, if you are given a DCC slip, and the cashier has not taken a choice before giving you your copy, the slip will be processed in your home currency - be prepared to dispute.

Unable to disable Global Payments DCC in Hong Kong instance #1, instance #2

Unable to disable DBS DCC in Fortress Electronics HK

Unable to disable BoC DCC in Free Duty HK

Disabling DCC in Japan and Korea

Japan's just starting out http://www.flyertalk.com/forum/japan...ing-japan.html and http://www.hongkongcard.com/forum/fo...p?id=3939&p=17 #168 but there are no reports I know of where cardholders are compelled to use DCC against their will.

Korea is also not much affected by DCC but where offered, trying to opt out is harder than Japan due to the language barrier (both verbal and written)
http://www.hongkongcard.com/forum/fo...hp?id=4303&p=3 #23
http://www.hongkongcard.com/forum/fo...p?id=12272&p=2 #11

Disabling DCC in the Maldives

Disabling DCC on Global Payment terminals in the Maldives

Disabling DCC in Thailand and Taiwan

DCC present but generally not an issue. Cashier will generate quote slip is usually generated and pass to cardholder. When cardholder refuses, a verbage-free slip denominated in THB/TWD will be produced.

Certain Taiwan hotels may take deposits in cardholder currency. But these are only pre-authorisations and can be voided in full for TWD-only final checkout payments.

Disabling DCC on Websites

Airbnb - (Since the "loophole" seem not to work anymore, please report if you chargeback the DCC. )
Hotwire - You need to select your preferred currency before making a search.
PayPal - The instructions to stop the DCC on a recurring charge are here.

I got duped by DCC already before I found this thread. Is there anything I can do?

If you've been hit with DCC and the merchant did not follow the Visa/MC rules, you should file a dispute with your card issuer. Even if the transaction is a small amount, it's worth it to dispute the charge on principle. Do not let merchants get away with this scam uncontested!

If you were not clearly given a choice of currencies and did not specifically communicate a preference to be billed in your card's native currency - if you did not accept DCC - then you have recourse when filing a dispute with your card issuer. The Visa Product and Service Rules clearly state (p 339):
  • Merchants that offer DCC must be compliant with the regulations
  • Inform the cardholder that DCC is optional
  • Not impose any additional requirements to use local currency
  • Not use any language or procedures that may cause the cardholder to choose DCC by default
  • Not convert a transaction in the local currency to the card's billing currency after the transaction has completed
  • Ensure that the cardholder expressly agrees to DCC

You can even use terminology from Visa Product and Service Rules when filing the dispute, giving Reason Code 76: Incorrect Currency or Transaction Code. Reason Code 76 is used when the transaction was processed with an incorrect transaction code, or an incorrect currency code, or one of the following:
  • Merchant did not deposit a transaction receipt in the country where the transaction occurred
  • Cardholder was not advised that Dynamic Currency Conversion (DCC) would occur
  • Cardholder was refused the choice of paying in the merchant’s local currency
  • Merchant processed a credit refund and did not process a reversal or adjustment within 30 calendar days for a transaction receipt processed in error

MasterCard's rules also clearly state that the POI Currency Conversion must be decided by both the merchant and customer. When filing a dispute with a MasterCard, list chargeback Reason Code 4846 from the MasterCard Chargeback Guide, which covers POI currency conversion disputes in the following circumstances:
  • The cardholder states that he or she was not given the opportunity to choose the desired currency in which the transactions was completed or did not agree to the currency of the transaction, or
  • POI currency conversion took place into a currency that is not the cardholder's billing currency, or
  • POI currency conversion took place when the goods or services were priced in the cardholder's billing currency, or
  • POI currency conversion took place when cash was disbursed in the cardholdeer's billing currency.

You do have a choice of currencies. Exercise that choice!

Do not get taken by surprise when faced with DCC, and know your options. As Visa/MC purport, you do have a choice of currencies, but you need to make that choice heard! Don't be complacent in this sneaky tactic by some merchants to pad revenues.

Before going to a different country, get educated. Understand the exchange rate relative to your native currency. Know how to recognize when the merchant is trying to force DCC on the transaction, and pull out all of the stops to make sure it doesn't happen to you.

If you have a chip-and-PIN credit card, it's easier to control the transaction to try to prevent DCC. With chip-and-signature, if you get an uncooperative merchant, deface the merchant's copy of the receipt. Write LOCAL OPTION NOT OFFERED, cross out the DCC currency amount, and sign the receipt.

This will give additional evidence when filing a dispute to get the DCC charges refunded. When filing the dispute, you can use the Visa Exchange Rate Calculator or MasterCard's Currency Conversion Tool to determine the Visa or MasterCard exchange rate on the date the transaction posted to your credit card. Compare this to the DCC value to figure out the amount by which the merchant overcharged you. Don't forget to add in any Foreign Transaction Fee if your card has one. (If it does, you should really consider finding a card for use overseas without a FTF. )

Example Images (click for a larger image)

Hotel receipts in China, the Netherlands, and Dubai respectively:



Purchase receipts in China and Korea:




Cancelled translation in Hong Kong:



Novotel in Shenzen:

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Dynamic Currency Conversion (DCC) [2014-2016]

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Old Nov 10, 2015, 3:45 pm
  #2206  
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Originally Posted by Points Scrounger
which was actually my mother's card. She had to sign slips for the transaction in dollars, the cancellation or refund of the transaction in dollars, and a third slip for the transaction in Euros. To their credit, it was our fault for answering dollars automatically without thinking; the waitress was very patient on our behalf. I was a bit concerned that her bank would refuse a second charge (the one in Euros) from the same merchant almost immediately thereafter.
It's a good thing the waitress was patient and had presented a choice. A location would help out for reference too. Still in Madrid?
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Old Nov 11, 2015, 12:52 am
  #2207  
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Originally Posted by Majuki
It's a good thing the waitress was patient and had presented a choice. A location would help out for reference too. Still in Madrid?
Barcelona - the voided amount was $66 vs 59 euros.
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Old Nov 11, 2015, 6:15 am
  #2208  
 
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Would you still get DCC with something like Apple Pay or contactless?
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Old Nov 11, 2015, 8:17 am
  #2209  
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Originally Posted by Sintaku
Would you still get DCC with something like Apple Pay or contactless?
Usually contactless is a way to avoid DCC since DCC is prohibited for easy payments where verification is waived.
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Old Nov 13, 2015, 1:59 pm
  #2210  
 
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First time to see DCC in Colombia. I went to restaurant in Medellin in the Laureles neighborhood. The name of the place is Ay Caramba, but the receipt shows Bodegon Picante. There are a few foreigners in this area, and it's in the one of the main dining areas of this neighborhood. So I'm sure other foreigners have hit this.

I used my CSP and the waiter brought one of the portable machines. He was confused at first because it was showing the conversion rates, and then a choice in the bottom: COP or USD. I told him to pick COP, but he was hesitant at first. He thinks because I'm a foreigner and that my card is a foreign card, that he should pick USD. I had to tell him twice to pick COP. I do speak conversational level Spanish, so that helped.

I think the processor is CrediBanco since that's what showing in my receipt.
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Old Nov 14, 2015, 9:15 am
  #2211  
 
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I was always under the assumption that contactless transactions were an almost failproof method of stopping DCC. But I'm not sure now.

Previously, all my contactless transactions have been autorised 'offline'. Auth codes from my bank are digits only when offline and they don't affect my 'available balance' until the payment is processed a few days later. Transactions are written to the transaction log held within the card's chip (there is an Android app to read this from the card).

Today, however, I used my credit card contactlessly at a petrol station in Cambridge (UK). The transaction was authorised online as the auth code started with a letter (convention my bank follows) and (importantly) it was not written to the transaction log within the card's chip. It struck me that it would theoretically be possible (if my card was not in GBP) to have been DCCed *after* touching the card but before receiving the receipt and without needing for the card to be retouched on the reader.

Anyone with any experience of contactless DCC?
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Old Nov 14, 2015, 9:51 am
  #2212  
 
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Originally Posted by Points Scrounger
At a Madrid cafe just now, DCC choice appeared after my pin had been authorized and accepted and before the waiter was to make his final entry to close the transaction, rather than my choice earlier on.
I've encountered this too in Spain. I've resorted to hanging onto the PIN pad until the receipt prints out.
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Old Nov 20, 2015, 4:58 pm
  #2213  
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I thought HK has no chip and pin - see for example orreck and Rainbow.

But I just saw a visitor use a non-HK HSBC visa in Page One near HKG gate 60, no signature even tho the transaction was HK$328 (small ticket transaction in HK is $200)

Also DCC was asked for, and a selection (the visitor chose HKD) was keyed in. Compliant.
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Old Nov 21, 2015, 6:46 am
  #2214  
 
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I have a question pertaining to DCC. I know it's almost always a good idea not to request DCC but wouldn't be more advantageous to request it in some instances in which there's a high probability that you might request a full refund?

For instance, let's say you make a hotel reservation and you're charged a deposit of AUD500. You're charged the equivalent amount in USD or around USD362. However, your travel plans change and you cancel the reservation later on. The hotel then refund the same amount of AUD500 that they charged you but by then the AUD has lost some of its value in relation to the USD so the refund ends up being around USD357 after currency exchange. The foreign transaction fee refunded is also less because of the lesser refund.

On a side note, if the AUD would have appreciated in relation to the USD, would I have received a slightly larger refund? I've never received a refund larger than the original purchase amount.

Wouldn't be better in these instances to request DCC from the hotel (assuming they allow it) so that the amount charged and refunded in USD doesn't fluctuate as per forex rates?
And if they did, would they initially charge and refund you the exactly same equivalent amount in USD or would they convert each of them depending on the current exchange rate?
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Old Nov 21, 2015, 8:37 am
  #2215  
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Originally Posted by MVF Trekker
I have a question pertaining to DCC. I know it's almost always a good idea not to request DCC but wouldn't be more advantageous to request it in some instances in which there's a high probability that you might request a full refund?

<snip>
Under either scenario, the deposit and the refund will be AUD500, not the equivalent amount in US$. The hotel is not going to keep records in a foreign currency. The difference will be who computes the conversion at the times that the deposit is made and refunded, the hotel or your credit card processor; in either case, the rate of conversion at the time of the transaction, deposit or refund, will be used to compute the US$ equivalent.
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Old Nov 22, 2015, 4:48 pm
  #2216  
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I saw a DCC offer for the gentleman before me at SYD at an ANZ ATM. When I went to use my Fidelity Visa debit card, I received no such DCC offer. Perhaps my transaction went over a different network? My receipt didn't have any FX verbiage, only the A$300 withdrawal amount plus A$2 ANZ ATM fee.
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Old Nov 22, 2015, 5:37 pm
  #2217  
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Tried Revolut at a Travelex ATM in a local mall in the US today and I wasn't DCC'd. The ATM did support EMV though, which I was surprised about; I had to insert and remove before it told me to stick the card back in. I ultimately didn't go through with the withdrawal because they wanted to charge $3.25 just to pull out $20.

Anyway, do they commonly DCC at their ATMs or am I remembering wrong?
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Old Nov 22, 2015, 7:04 pm
  #2218  
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Originally Posted by tmiw
Anyway, do they commonly DCC at their ATMs or am I remembering wrong?
Travelex routinely offers DCC with its ATMs but I don't know why the Revolut card would not have offered DCC.
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Old Nov 22, 2015, 7:14 pm
  #2219  
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Originally Posted by Majuki
Travelex routinely offers DCC with its ATMs but I don't know why the Revolut card would not have offered DCC.
There was some funkiness when I read the card with cardpeek before where there were a bunch of zeroes before the data items indicating that it's a UK card whose currency is GBP. Perhaps the ATM didn't see those and just assumed US issued card/USD.
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Old Nov 22, 2015, 8:47 pm
  #2220  
 
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Originally Posted by tmiw
Tried Revolut at a Travelex ATM in a local mall in the US today and I wasn't DCC'd. The ATM did support EMV though, which I was surprised about; I had to insert and remove before it told me to stick the card back in. I ultimately didn't go through with the withdrawal because they wanted to charge $3.25 just to pull out $20.

Anyway, do they commonly DCC at their ATMs or am I remembering wrong?
Travelex has an entire business model around DCC. The fee shocks me though. I thought their ATMs were all fee free (DCC being their profit)
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