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FAQ: Skipping Segment, Hidden City / Point Beyond / Throw Away Ticketing (master thd)

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Old Apr 18, 2013, 9:20 am
FlyerTalk Forums Expert How-Tos and Guides
Last edit by: Prospero
FAQ: "Missing" or "Skipping Segments": Hidden City, Point Beyond and Throw Away Ticketing
Q. What will happen if I "skip" a segment?
A. Skipping an intermediate or end segment is most often referred to as "Hidden City / Point Beyond Ticketing" by American Airlines, and “skiplagging” by others; doing so invalidates the contract you have with AA regarding your ticket. AA will at least cancel the remaining segments. If the reason for missing a segment is to drop the last segment to save money on a more expensive ticket to the intermediate destination, it is called a "Hidden City / Point Beyond" ticket. American Airlines states, in the Conditions of Carriage (and more existentially in Tariff Rule 100AA):

American specifically prohibits the practices commonly known as:
Hidden City/Point Beyond Ticketing: Purchase of a fare from a point before the passenger's actual origin or to a point beyond the passenger's actual destination.
Link to American Airlines Conditions of Carriage, Ticket Validity.

Q. What about buying a round trip and not flying the return?
"Throw away" ticketing, that is purchasing a less expensive round trip ticket with the intent of not flying the return segments ("throwing away" the return tickets) is similarly frowned upon, but may be acted upon - particularly if this becomes frequent or a pattern

Q. Do American Airlines Corporate Security / AAdvantage Fraud have people and algorithms running in the background that check for these?
Assuredly, yes. Can people be found liable for fees and/or lose their accounts / status / miles? Yes, we have had many reports on FT, and the risk increases for repeaters. Can people be criminally or civilly prosecuted? Doubtful. (Link to article on Contract Fraud.)

Q. Would I get in trouble skipping the final segment?
A. Possibly not, if you don't do this on other than the rare occasion, but there is risk.

Q. Can I short check my baggage?
A. In most cases, you may find it difficult, unless you have an overnight connection, must retrieve your baggage for customs or because your connection does not offer interlining of baggage.

Q. Will I get my EQ and Award Miles.
You will likely accrue miles for the segments you actually flew. But “skiplagging” could result in miles confiscation and potentially account closure.

Q. Can I claim the residual value for the unused segment?
Au contraire; with a hidden city / point beyond ticket, you owe AA money under their rules. United and Lufthansa have billed skiplaggers, AA may have.

Q. What has AA said they can do to me about hidden city or throwaway ticketing?
“Passengers who attempt to use hidden city tickets may be denied boarding, have the remainder of their ticket confiscated and may be assessed the difference between the fare paid and the lowest applicable fare.”
A highly recommended article on this topic is 3 Words on Hidden City Ticketing: Don’t Do It (link) from ExpertFlyer, 27 Feb 2019.

Archived older posts may be read here.

For Conditions of Carriage - Ticket Validity and Letter used by AA:
AA Hidden City and Point Beyond Ticketing:

Skipping an intermediate or end segment is referred to as "Hidden City / Point Beyond Ticketing" by American Airlines, and doing so invalidates the contract you have with AA regarding your ticket. AA will generally cancel the remaining segments, and if it is dropping the last segment to save money on a more expensive ticket to the intermediate destination, it is called the "Hidden City" ticket.

The entire Conditions of Carriage, the contract that governs your ticket (in additon to the Detailed Fare Rules attached to your fare class and readable prior to purchase), are here: CONDITIONS OF CARRIAGE.

The specific language regarding Hidden City and Point Beyond Ticketing is here:
TICKET VALIDITY - COMPLIANCE WITH TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE

Tickets are valid for travel only when used in accordance with all terms and conditions of sale. Terms and conditions of sale include but are not limited to:
  1. The passenger's itinerary, as stated on the ticket or in the passenger's reservation record,
    • Any requirement that the passenger stay over a specified date or length of time (for example, Saturday night or weekend) at the destination specified on the ticket.
    • Any special purpose or status (for example, age in the case of senior citizen or children's discounts, military status in the case of a military fare, official government business in the case of a government fare, or attendance at a qualified event in the case of a meeting or convention fare) that entitles the passenger to a special or reduced rate, or
    • Any other requirement associated with the passenger's fare level.
Unless a ticket is reissued by American or its authorized agent upon payment of applicable charges, or an authorized representative of American waives applicable restrictions in writing, a ticket is invalid:
  1. If used for travel to a destination other than that specified on the ticket,
    • If the passenger fails to comply with applicable stay-over requirements,
    • If the passenger does not meet the purpose or status requirement associated with the fare category on the ticket, or
    • If American determines that the ticket has been purchased or used in a manner designed to circumvent applicable fare rules.
American specifically prohibits the practices commonly known as:
  • Back to Back Ticketing: The combination of two or more roundtrip excursion fares end to end for the purpose of circumventing minimum stay requirements.
  • Throwaway Ticketing: The usage of roundtrip excursion fare for one-way travel, and
  • Hidden City/Point Beyond Ticketing: Purchase of a fare from a point before the passenger's actual origin or to a point beyond the passenger's actual destination.
  • Duplicate and Impossible/Illogical Bookings: Duplicate or impossible/illogical American Airlines bookings are prohibited without prior authorization from American Airlines. A duplicate or impossible/illogical booking includes, but is not limited to, bookings for the same passenger on flights traveling on or about the same date between one or more of the same or nearby origin and/or destination (such as JFKDFW and LGADFW or DFWLAX and DFWONT), or bookings with connections that depart before the arrival of the inbound flight.
  • Fraudulent, Fictitious and Abusive Bookings: Fraudulent, fictitious and/or abusive bookings are prohibited. These types of bookings are defined as any bookings made without having been requested by or on behalf of the named passenger. Additionally, creating bookings to hold or block seats for the purpose of obtaining lower fares, AAdvantage award inventory, or upgrades that may not otherwise be available, or to circumvent any of American Airlines' fare rules or policies, is prohibited without prior authorization from American Airlines.

Where a ticket is invalidated as the result of the passenger's non-compliance with any term or condition of sale, American has the right in its sole discretion to:
  1. Cancel any remaining portion of the passenger's itinerary,
    • Confiscate unused flight coupons,
    • Refuse to board the passenger or check the passenger's luggage, or
    • Assess the passenger for the reasonable remaining value of the ticket, which shall be no less than the difference between the fare actually paid and the lowest fare applicable to the passenger's actual itinerary
Sample letter from American Airlines on Hidden City Ticketing:

Dear ,

Let me take the opportunity to clarify American Airlines position on hidden city or point beyond ticketing. Purchasing a ticket to a point beyond the actual destination and getting off the aircraft at the connecting point is unethical (sic). It is tantamount to switching price tags to obtain a lower price on goods sold at department stores. Passengers who attempt to use hidden city tickets may be denied boarding, have the remainder of their ticket confiscated and may be assessed the difference between the fare paid and the lowest applicable fare.

Because we compete with other airlines with different route structures, we sometimes find it necessary to give a traveler who is traveling beyond a connecting point a better price than travelers who are just traveling to the connecting point. For example, a passenger who is traveling to Austin, Texas from Los Angeles can go on one airline via Phoenix for a price that is lower than the cost of traveling on American between Los Angeles and Dallas. If we want to offer the same price to Austin as the other airline, but the only way we can get travelers there is via Dallas, we find ourselves charging the Austin passengers less than the Dallas passengers.

Although the issuance and usage of hidden city tickets is not illegal in the sense that one could be fined or sent to jail by the government, it is unethical and a breach of a passengers (sic) contract with AA. Both tariff rule 100AA and American's Condition of Carriage, which are incorporated into every ticket sold by American as part of our agreement to carry the passenger named on the ticket, bar hidden city ticketing. In addition, it violates the agencies' contract to act as an agent for American Airlines.

If American Airlines continues to lose revenue as a result of hidden city transactions, the fares we charge must inevitably rise.

Sincerely,
In August 2020 AA went after user HappyInTheAir561 for Hidden City Ticketing, demanding payment of $2,500 or permanent closure of his AAdvantage account and loss of 600,000 miles balance. Below is the letter (missing is the 2,500 quote), and there is an entire thread about it here: https://www.flyertalk.com/forum/amer...rmination.html The user says he ultimately paid the money.
Mr. XXXX,

As an analyst with American Airlines, one of my responsibilities is investigating violations of the General AAdvantage® Program Conditions. An audit of your AAdvantage account, determined that you have engaged in the practice known as ‘Hidden City ticketing’; the purchase of a fare to a point beyond your actual destination. Hidden city ticketing is explicitly defined in AA’s Conditions of Carriage as a violation of ticket validity. The Terms and Conditions of the AAdvantage program further state that compliance with the Conditions of Carriage is compulsory for participation in the AAdvantage program. As such, AAdvantage account XXXXXX is restricted, pending the outcome of our investigation. You may review the terms and conditions of the AAdvantage ® program (several parts of the terms and conditions are noted below) by clicking the link below or by copying and pasting it into your browser.

The audit of your account XXXXXwas completed on August xx, 2020. The following reservations were not issued in compliance with the AAdvantage Terms & Conditions, Conditions of Carriage or AA.com Site Usage policy:

52 HIDDEN CITY TICKETS (Included each one of the flights they believe is a hidden city ticket)

Not unlike other commodities, airline seats are market priced. A seat on a non-stop flight is a premium product and commands a higher price. Seats in connecting markets must be priced competitively and hence can be substantially cheaper. The ill-effects of point beyond ticketing are two-fold; the customer receives the flight for a price for which they aren’t entitled and a seat is spoiled on the separate connecting flight. An airline ticket constitutes a contract and the terms of that contract are stated explicitly in the Conditions of Carriage. Please see excerpts below.

Mr.XXXXX, these actions have resulted in clear and considerable losses to American Airlines. In addition to our loss for the travel provided, tickets booked through prohibited practices are considered fraudulent, and therefore not eligible to accrue mileage. In this case, our loss is further compounded through the Elite mileage accruals, benefits, and services used that were not otherwise available. Generally, violations of this nature subject the AAdvantage account to termination. However, we are willing to provide you with an opportunity to restore an equitable relationship through restitution for the loss on your identified travel.

You may respond to this message by 3pm, CST, Friday, August 31, 2020 stating you would like to bring your account back to good standing. At that time, the segments will be re-priced based on your intended travel and we will send you the information so that you may make the appropriate reimbursement for the travel provided. Failure to return the account to good standing or to reply, will result in the termination of your AAdvantage® membership and all its benefits, including all remaining AAdvantage® miles in your account and any award tickets issued from it.
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FAQ: Skipping Segment, Hidden City / Point Beyond / Throw Away Ticketing (master thd)

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Old Apr 5, 2019, 8:35 am
  #391  
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Originally Posted by privero
Hello,
I would need some help, advices on this.
I booked a return flight BCN-CLT-JFK (AA) and JFK-MAD-BCN (IB) for my parents to visit me in IAH with the idea of skipping CLT-JFK and get a CLT-IAH. They will use the entire JFK-MAD-BCN (IB) for the return.
- My problem is that if I want to book the CLT-IAH the same day they arrive to CLT (3h layover), this needs to be with AA at the same time they should be flying to JFK. Would it be any problem checking two different flights with AA at the same time?
- My other option is for them to stay a night at CLT and flying next day CLT-IAH with AA. Will AA realize they are doing a hidden city and cancel the return flight with IBERIA. Or should I book with another airline (more expensive)?

Please, any advise would be greatly appreciated. Thank you,
When they don't take the CLT-JFK flight, the rest of the ticket will be cancelled. Hidden ticketing only works on one ways or return legs, you can't use it on the outbound of a return as the flights following the missed flight will (almost) always be cancelled.
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Old Apr 5, 2019, 8:38 am
  #392  
 
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skipping the CLT-JFK flight will cancel the rest of the ticket, including the return to Spain.
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Old Apr 5, 2019, 8:44 am
  #393  
 
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Originally Posted by privero
Hello,
I would need some help, advices on this.
I booked a return flight BCN-CLT-JFK (AA) and JFK-MAD-BCN (IB) for my parents to visit me in IAH with the idea of skipping CLT-JFK and get a CLT-IAH. They will use the entire JFK-MAD-BCN (IB) for the return.
- My problem is that if I want to book the CLT-IAH the same day they arrive to CLT (3h layover), this needs to be with AA at the same time they should be flying to JFK. Would it be any problem checking two different flights with AA at the same time?
- My other option is for them to stay a night at CLT and flying next day CLT-IAH with AA. Will AA realize they are doing a hidden city and cancel the return flight with IBERIA. Or should I book with another airline (more expensive)?

Please, any advise would be greatly appreciated. Thank you,
Welcome to FT!
As soon as your parents skip their CLT-JFK flight their return flight to Spain will be cancelled. In addition, if they book two conflicting reservations on AA (e.g., two different flights leaving CLT at about the same times), AA may cancel either or both of these reservations.
In order to accomplish what you are seeking to do, your parents will need to fly to JFK and then fly JFK-IAH round-trip. Be sure to allow sufficient time for them to get to their new flight at JFK.
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Old Apr 5, 2019, 9:00 am
  #394  
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A. If your parents skip the CLT-JFK segment, the remaining segments of their ticket onwards to JFK and then returning to BCN will all be cancelled. Their tickets will then retain whatever value they may retain under their fare rules. This will generally be $0.
B. Purchasing a separate ticket CLT-IAH may also be cancelled depending on just how "impossible" the ticketing is.

My strong advice here is to read the fare rules carefully and then determine what it will cost to change their tickets to the routing they now require vs. purchase entirely new tickets.

Last edited by nsx; Apr 5, 2019 at 9:33 am Reason: move from WN to AA
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Old Apr 5, 2019, 9:23 am
  #395  
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Originally Posted by privero
Hello,

I would need some help, advices on this.

I booked a return flight BCN-CLT-JFK (AA) and JFK-MAD-BCN (IB) for my parents to visit me in IAH with the idea of skipping CLT-JFK and get a CLT-IAH. They will use the entire JFK-MAD-BCN (IB) for the return.

- My problem is that if I want to book the CLT-IAH the same day they arrive to CLT (3h layover), this needs to be with AA at the same time they should be flying to JFK. Would it be any problem checking two different flights with AA at the same time?

- My other option is for them to stay a night at CLT and flying next day CLT-IAH with AA. Will AA realize they are doing a hidden city and cancel the return flight with IBERIA. Or should I book with another airline (more expensive)?

Please, any advise would be greatly appreciated. Thank you,
Hola, y bienvenido a FlyerTalk.

As others have said, once your parents fail to fly CLT-JFK the remainder of the trip to BCN on Iberia will be cancelled. (Buying a one way ticket US back to to Europe may cost significantly more than a return trip. It would probably be cheaper to rebook the trip as an open jaw, BCN-CLT-IAH or similar and JFK-MAD-BCN with change fees.)

With the JFK booking, the second booking CLT-IAH may be cancelled as an impossible booking, as well.

Your best option is to buy a JFK-IAH ticket. (The good news is if for some reason they miss JFK-IAH on AA because of delays, AA is somewhat unique in that even on separate ticketing AA will still endeavor to carry them on the JFK-IAH leg. Most airlines would not honor the separate ticket in case of late arrival causing them to miss the flight.

(Now you made me think of Barna on la Diada de Sant Jordi, books, roses... coming soon!)
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Old Apr 5, 2019, 10:09 am
  #396  
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OP’s two threads in AA and WN fora have now been merged here. Thanks. /Moderator
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Old Apr 5, 2019, 10:12 am
  #397  
 
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if BCN-JFK is ticket1 and JFK-BCN is ticket2, then these suggestions:

1. book UA CLT-IAH
2. book AA CLT-IAH as Adams, JohnQuincy with no frequent flyer number attached

if AA BCN-CLT or AA CLT-JFK has the slightest schedule change, then request self-service segment value refund at prefunds.aa.com after all travel complete.
same if AA CLT-JFK is delayed in departure or arrival by even a minute.
just say "please refund value of unflown segment CLT-JFK due to sched change".
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Old Apr 5, 2019, 10:38 am
  #398  
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Originally Posted by Colin
if BCN-JFK is ticket1 and JFK-BCN is ticket2, then these suggestions:

1. book UA CLT-IAH
2. book AA CLT-IAH as Adams, JohnQuincy with no frequent flyer number attached

if AA BCN-CLT or AA CLT-JFK has the slightest schedule change, then request self-service segment value refund at prefunds.aa.com after all travel complete.
same if AA CLT-JFK is delayed in departure or arrival by even a minute.
just say "please refund value of unflown segment CLT-JFK due to sched change".
How did you know their name was JQ Adams?
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Old Apr 5, 2019, 11:25 am
  #399  
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Originally Posted by Colin
if BCN-JFK is ticket1 and JFK-BCN is ticket2, then these suggestions:

1. book UA CLT-IAH
2. book AA CLT-IAH as Adams, JohnQuincy with no frequent flyer number attached

if AA BCN-CLT or AA CLT-JFK has the slightest schedule change, then request self-service segment value refund at prefunds.aa.com after all travel complete.
same if AA CLT-JFK is delayed in departure or arrival by even a minute.
just say "please refund value of unflown segment CLT-JFK due to sched change".
This sort of stuff no longer works and certainly can't be counted on. Carriers are much more savvy about ticketing fraud and what you are advising still risks stranding the parents at CLT with no onward travel to either JFK (and return to BCN) or to IAH. In particular, the "slightest" change will not generate a refund and may well not occur. What then should OP's parents do?

JDIVER's plan on the other hand, does Rather than abandoning the booked ticket at CLT, simply fly onward to JFK and then fly to IAH. If the parents are prepared to overnight at CLT, they could overnight at JFK just as well.
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Old Apr 5, 2019, 11:34 am
  #400  
 
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yeah, it works exactly as I said.

AA's dupe check will skip ticket1 Adams, John with advantage number and ticket2 Adams, JohnQuincy with no advantage number on a different flight same time.

and AA's refund team in the past few weeks refunded, in less than 24 hours after requested, a generous valuation for an unflown segment after literally a 5 minute delay.
it's comically easy.
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Old Apr 5, 2019, 1:20 pm
  #401  
 
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Originally Posted by Colin
AA's dupe check will skip ticket1 Adams, John with advantage number and ticket2 Adams, JohnQuincy with no advantage number on a different flight same time.
I would not rely on this. Definitely book on another airline (if the return routing is on a different ticket than the outbound; otherwise, as has been pointed out, the return will get cancelled).
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Old Apr 5, 2019, 2:03 pm
  #402  
 
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Thank you for your comments and advises. I did not actually know that this could happen.
I think the return is in a different ticket since in the AA site only appears the outbound, although both appear under the Iberia site. (bought in Finnair.com)
Anyway. I will do the safer thing and I will never book like this again.
Thank you
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Old Apr 5, 2019, 2:15 pm
  #403  
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I have a single ticket involving AA and BA flights. None of the separate confirmation numbers shows the entire trip but they are all on the same ticket.

I have one confirmation code that shows on the BA app and 2 on the AA app.

So I would say that booking all your trip as part of the same transaction = a single ticket. This is quite normal though it can seem confusing.
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Old Apr 5, 2019, 2:22 pm
  #404  
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Originally Posted by UKtravelbear
I have a single ticket involving AA and BA flights. None of the separate confirmation numbers shows the entire trip but they are all on the same ticket.

I have one confirmation code that shows on the BA app and 2 on the AA app.

So I would say that booking all your trip as part of the same transaction = a single ticket. This is quite normal though it can seem confusing.
This is correct.

PNR's are irrelevant. Each carrier will assign its own. What matters is the ticket number. A 17-digit number with 3 digits followed by a hyphen followed by 14 digits. OP should look at the e-ticket receipts for each passenger and determine whether there is one ticket per person or two tickets per person. It is more than likely that there is one ticket given the way that European departures price as singles.
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Old Apr 6, 2019, 9:46 am
  #405  
 
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Cancelling "Return Trip" on a Round trip Ticket to Avoid One-Way Gouging

Was advised to delete... And not do throwaway ticketing on an international itinerary.

Last edited by BOSishome; Apr 6, 2019 at 10:31 am
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