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The Basis (Such as it is) for the War on Liquids

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The Basis (Such as it is) for the War on Liquids

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Old Nov 25, 2018 | 8:38 pm
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The Basis (Such as it is) for the War on Liquids

This story dates back to 2006 and apparently justifies the War on Water at America's airports. Personally, I'm having a hard time closing on the chemistry involved in the alleged "liquid bombs make airplanes fall from the skies" scenario. (Sorry about the large font size.)

The new docuseries Terrorism Close Calls, now streaming on Netflix, chronicles some of the biggest attempted terrorist attacks that were foiled just under the wire. Its fifth episode is dedicated to the Transatlantic Liquid Bomb Plot, wherein two dozen terrorists planned to smuggle plastic bottles filled with liquid explosives (and other devices) onto seven commercial airliners departing from Londons Heathrow Airport and traveling to North America, assemble the bombs onboard, and detonate them over the Atlantic Ocean.
Sarwar, Ali and his crew planned to use syringes to extract the ingredients from plastic soda bottles and insert a cocktail of hydrogen peroxide mixed with Tang into them.
Along with the plastic soda bottles filled with hydrogen peroxide, the terrorists also inserted the explosive compound HMTD in hollowed-out Toshiba AA batteries, and planned to use the flash from a disposable camera to trigger the bomba new innovation after the failed detonation of shoe-bomber Richard Reids device. The items would be smuggled separately and assembled onboard, and Ali planned to take his wife and children on the suicide mission with him.
I'm a long-in-the-tooth engineer, although not a chemical engineer or a chemist. I'm having a hard time conjecturing how the scenario described in the article could have reasonably led to a threat to civil aviation.

If someone else who is more experienced in this subject can weigh in with their opinion, I think most of us would be very interested. it won't do a thing for the War on Shampoo at America's airports but it might lend credibility to the science, or the lack there of....

Looking forward to the dialogue....
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Old Nov 26, 2018 | 6:59 am
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IIRC, the people who were trying to perpetrate this plot had never made a bomb and detonated it, so they'd not been given the opportunity to blow themselves up before getting on a plane. Further, most involved didn't even have passports according to many reports so the plot was not imminent.

.
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Old Nov 26, 2018 | 10:11 am
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The plot was very well along - if not as far along as UK domestic security forces and the CPP preferred for ensuring guilty verdicts. But do not confuse not being as far along as the lawyers preferred with the plot not being viable and in action, let alone "imminent;" the problem of not having tickets could have been overcome in an hour or a day as specific flights had been selected/targeted. In fact, all of the bomb-makers and most of the conspirators admitted to the essence of the plot (if not admitting specifically to attack aircraft).

And the plan was viable; read this article by James Lewis, a former EOD officer: https://www.theregister.co.uk/2008/0...bomb_verdicts/
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Old Nov 26, 2018 | 3:11 pm
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Originally Posted by Section 107
The plot was very well along - if not as far along as UK domestic security forces and the CPP preferred for ensuring guilty verdicts. But do not confuse not being as far along as the lawyers preferred with the plot not being viable and in action, let alone "imminent;" the problem of not having tickets could have been overcome in an hour or a day as specific flights had been selected/targeted. In fact, all of the bomb-makers and most of the conspirators admitted to the essence of the plot (if not admitting specifically to attack aircraft).

And the plan was viable; read this article by James Lewis, a former EOD officer: https://www.theregister.co.uk/2008/0...bomb_verdicts/
The plan was not viable, at least certainly not with those who were used as the basis for launching the "War on Liquids" at airport screening checkpoints.
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Old Nov 26, 2018 | 3:19 pm
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Originally Posted by Section 107
And the plan was viable; read this article by James Lewis, a former EOD officer: https://www.theregister.co.uk/2008/0...bomb_verdicts/
The Guardian - Three guilty of transatlantic bomb plot
***

The crown had alleged that the British cell planned to smuggle liquid bombs on to planes and blow up at least seven airliners heading to North America with at least 1,500 people on board. The bombs were so ingenious that they would have evaded airport security.

***

The crown said the men planned to smuggle on board components of a liquid bomb disguised as soft drinks to bypass airport security. The devices would have been assembled during the flight.

Video footage of tests conducted by government scientists, which were played to the jury, showed the devices producing an explosion powerful enough to blow a hole in an aircraft fuselage.
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Old Nov 26, 2018 | 4:23 pm
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So, the people who came up with the idea were never able to assemble such a device, but Government scientists, presumable those with a knowledge of chemistry and/or bomb making, were able to to do so in a lab. That doesn't really demonstrate the viability of the plan.

The techniques these idiots were purported to be looking into may indeed be viable methods for creating explosives and detonators in a laboratory environment. But when assessing the viability of the plot, the real question is whether any of them had the requisite knowledge, skills, or experience to create, transport, smuggle, assemble, and detonate such devices in the real world.

More likely, they'd blow themselves to spaghetti sauce while attempting to create the chemicals, or while attempting to transport them. They might also get caught, delayed, or otherwise prevented from making the rendezvous with the others, resulting in an incomplete and useless device.

These days, they'd just smuggle the explosives and detonators in palettes of Deer Park and Coke Zero bound for the local Hudson News.
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Old Nov 26, 2018 | 4:24 pm
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Video footage of tests conducted by government scientists, which were played to the jury, showed the devices producing an explosion powerful enough to blow a hole in an aircraft fuselage.
That would have been Alford, paid by the Brits, who, IIRC, talked about the instability of the bomb in one of the videos that I saw.
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Old Nov 27, 2018 | 12:06 am
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Originally Posted by WillCAD
So, the people who came up with the idea were never able to assemble such a device, but Government scientists, presumable those with a knowledge of chemistry and/or bomb making, were able to to do so in a lab. That doesn't really demonstrate the viability of the plan.

The techniques these idiots were purported to be looking into may indeed be viable methods for creating explosives and detonators in a laboratory environment. But when assessing the viability of the plot, the real question is whether any of them had the requisite knowledge, skills, or experience to create, transport, smuggle, assemble, and detonate such devices in the real world.

More likely, they'd blow themselves to spaghetti sauce while attempting to create the chemicals, or while attempting to transport them. They might also get caught, delayed, or otherwise prevented from making the rendezvous with the others, resulting in an incomplete and useless device.

These days, they'd just smuggle the explosives and detonators in palettes of Deer Park and Coke Zero bound for the local Hudson News.
If a competent, highly capable states sponsored actors wanted to place bombs on a plane or onto a series of planes, its not technically difficult for all such parties to do so when provided plenty of state resources to do just that. And the war on liquids wouldnt help stop that; instead such war on liquids at airport passenger screening checkpoints would be yet another example of creating bigger haystacks in which to lose needles, all while undermining the interdiction of restricted weapons/explosives/incendiarie. Not all viable threat vectors are equal or as likely risks as others, and distractions onto the less viable may have adverse consequences. Sure, we could try to get the TSA to try to interdict the smuggling of nuclear bombs by aiming for all such radioactive components at all TSA passenger screening checkpoints since nuclear bombs are a viable threat to planes and more but that would be akin to the Secret Service trying to protect the President from rabid bat bites instead of trying to better protect the President from guns.

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Old Nov 27, 2018 | 8:10 am
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If a state sponsored (funded) group wanted to attack commercial aviation I have little doubt they would have a high probability of being successful. The employee backdoor to airports is still wide open since TSA refuses to address that glaring oversight. The question has to be to what goal would this act be. Just placing a bomb on a plane has impact but nothing like hijacking several airplanes using them as guided missiles as happened on 9/11/2001. Unless the cockpit door is breach violence in the cabin will have little impact on the whole of flying. And I think that takes us to the issue of LGA's being bombs. Would the pilot surrender his aircraft if a threat of a bomb was made in flight? I would hope not. Are liquid bombs stable enough to carry on board and then make ready for use? I think TSA jumped the shark on this matter and have made flying more restricted than needed to address the issue. If Fonzi hadn't been the first to jump the shark I suspect TSA would have taken that honor.
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Old Nov 27, 2018 | 12:32 pm
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Originally Posted by WillCAD
So, the people who came up with the idea were never able to assemble such a device, but Government scientists, presumable those with a knowledge of chemistry and/or bomb making, were able to to do so in a lab. That doesn't really demonstrate the viability of the plan.

The techniques these idiots were purported to be looking into may indeed be viable methods for creating explosives and detonators in a laboratory environment. But when assessing the viability of the plot, the real question is whether any of them had the requisite knowledge, skills, or experience to create, transport, smuggle, assemble, and detonate such devices in the real world.

More likely, they'd blow themselves to spaghetti sauce while attempting to create the chemicals, or while attempting to transport them. They might also get caught, delayed, or otherwise prevented from making the rendezvous with the others, resulting in an incomplete and useless device.

These days, they'd just smuggle the explosives and detonators in palettes of Deer Park and Coke Zero bound for the local Hudson News.
"Viable," to me, means that the technical aspects of the plan were possible, however unlikely to succeed. Of course, prior to reading Tom Clancy's fiction and 9/11, did you think, as did most everybody else, that using a commercial airliner as a missile was not a "viable" plan?

From your comments, is it possible that you did not actually read The Register article? It was proven at trial the the people who came up with the plan had actually assembled (and tested) similar devices and that the bomb-makers were not only trained (by the aforementioned planners) in making the specific type of devices and had obtained the needed chemicals but in were in the process of concentrating the peroxide and assembling the devices; in addition to the physical evidence of these facts the accused actually admitted to all of this.

So, yes, the plan was viable not only as an idea but also as an actual operation. And even though it had extremely small chance of being successful because it had not only been detected but was under tremendous surveillance the entire time, that didn't make it any less viable.

Smuggling WEI in pallets of material destined for Hudson News or most other vendors has a very low possibility of succeeding as all of that material is inspected several ways before being admitted into the other areas of the airport. Generally, this is done not by TSOs but by airport-operator provided security/contractor staff.

A more successful avenue to bring it in would be in bulk construction materials (such as concrete, fill dirt, gravel, etc.) or in large equipment - but that would also be low probability due to the security procedures for that material and the challenges in getting it near an airplane. Much higher probability is to coerce or outright pay an airport employee to smuggle it in. And while that is the weakest link as not all employees at all airports are screened each and every time entering the SIDA - there is a tremendous amount of effort and activity that goes into preventing such a thing.
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Old Nov 27, 2018 | 12:47 pm
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Originally Posted by Section 107
"Viable," to me, means that the technical aspects of the plan were possible, however unlikely to succeed. Of course, prior to reading Tom Clancy's fiction and 9/11, did you think, as did most everybody else, that using a commercial airliner as a missile was not a "viable" plan?

From your comments, is it possible that you did not actually read The Register article? It was proven at trial the the people who came up with the plan had actually assembled (and tested) similar devices and that the bomb-makers were not only trained (by the aforementioned planners) in making the specific type of devices and had obtained the needed chemicals but in were in the process of concentrating the peroxide and assembling the devices; in addition to the physical evidence of these facts the accused actually admitted to all of this.

So, yes, the plan was viable not only as an idea but also as an actual operation. And even though it had extremely small chance of being successful because it had not only been detected but was under tremendous surveillance the entire time, that didn't make it any less viable.

Smuggling WEI in pallets of material destined for Hudson News or most other vendors has a very low possibility of succeeding as all of that material is inspected several ways before being admitted into the other areas of the airport. Generally, this is done not by TSOs but by airport-operator provided security/contractor staff.

A more successful avenue to bring it in would be in bulk construction materials (such as concrete, fill dirt, gravel, etc.) or in large equipment - but that would also be low probability due to the security procedures for that material and the challenges in getting it near an airplane. Much higher probability is to coerce or outright pay an airport employee to smuggle it in. And while that is the weakest link as not all employees at all airports are screened each and every time entering the SIDA - there is a tremendous amount of effort and activity that goes into preventing such a thing.

I appreciate that you say a "tremendous amount of effort and activity" in preventing employee introduced WEI. While I appreciate the statement my personal observations suggest otherwise. Sitting for a short period of time I observed an employee entrance. I couldn't see the card reader but the door never closed so piggy backing may have occurred. I also observed employees bringing in multiple 2 liter bottles of what appeared to be cola, a roll aboard suitcase, backpacks, and other assorted items. None of which were inspected.

In my opinion that is not security!
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Old Nov 27, 2018 | 2:22 pm
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Originally Posted by Section 107
"Viable," to me, means that the technical aspects of the plan were possible, however unlikely to succeed. Of course, prior to reading Tom Clancy's fiction and 9/11, did you think, as did most everybody else, that using a commercial airliner as a missile was not a "viable" plan?

From your comments, is it possible that you did not actually read The Register article? It was proven at trial the the people who came up with the plan had actually assembled (and tested) similar devices and that the bomb-makers were not only trained (by the aforementioned planners) in making the specific type of devices and had obtained the needed chemicals but in were in the process of concentrating the peroxide and assembling the devices; in addition to the physical evidence of these facts the accused actually admitted to all of this.

So, yes, the plan was viable not only as an idea but also as an actual operation. And even though it had extremely small chance of being successful because it had not only been detected but was under tremendous surveillance the entire time, that didn't make it any less viable.

Smuggling WEI in pallets of material destined for Hudson News or most other vendors has a very low possibility of succeeding as all of that material is inspected several ways before being admitted into the other areas of the airport. Generally, this is done not by TSOs but by airport-operator provided security/contractor staff.

A more successful avenue to bring it in would be in bulk construction materials (such as concrete, fill dirt, gravel, etc.) or in large equipment - but that would also be low probability due to the security procedures for that material and the challenges in getting it near an airplane. Much higher probability is to coerce or outright pay an airport employee to smuggle it in. And while that is the weakest link as not all employees at all airports are screened each and every time entering the SIDA - there is a tremendous amount of effort and activity that goes into preventing such a thing.
I knew using planes as missiles was a viable plan and had been for many decades before 2001. It was considered as a tool to go after Allende and his key aides. Also, there is a reason why using the words kamikaze pilots was used in references in 2001 for some of the 9/11 hijackers then. It wasnt like that Japanese word was completely absent from the American lexicon until 2001, even when talking about non-state actors.

Liquid bombs exist dip a Nerf football tip in some liquid explosives and some could say it is a bomb but the so-called liquid bombers in England were nowhere close to having a viable plan or operation to take out any planes with liquid bombs. And yet they were used as an excuse to launch the war on water and other liquids at airports near and far.

Governments and government prosecutors have a way to make things seem way worse than they are, especially when it suits the interests of those who feed from excessive fear and find fear useful to exploit.
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Old Nov 27, 2018 | 3:06 pm
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Kip Hawley, former head of TSA, has come out and said that the War on Water should have been ended on his watch - he was just too lazy to make it happen. He didn't go into details, possibly because it was SSI.
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Old Nov 27, 2018 | 4:22 pm
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Originally Posted by Section 107
And the plan was viable; read this article by James Lewis, a former EOD officer: https://www.theregister.co.uk/2008/0...bomb_verdicts/

Knowing something about explosives, having been paid to play with explosives in a professional sense in the past, I'd disagree on the plan being viable. To me, viable means being able to assemble and place the explosives and have them have a reasonable chance of detonation at the desired time.

The plot, as described, does not feature those attributes IMO. They are far (far!) more likely to have blown themselves up prematurely while trying to assemble the final device - basically, a squib detonation that would likely only burn (maybe kill, if they were unlucky (or lucky, depending on perspective)) them and do minimal damage otherwise. In the context of a plane, still potentially dangerous, but no more so than the idiot shoe or undies bombers. If they tried to assemble it airside in the sterile area then no real threat at all.

Originally Posted by Section 107
"Viable," to me, means that the technical aspects of the plan were possible, however unlikely to succeed.
I would strongly suggest you never go into the field of risk assessment if that's your definition of "viable".
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Last edited by TWA884; Nov 27, 2018 at 5:02 pm Reason: Merge consecutive posts by the same member; please use the multi-quote function. Thank you!
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Old Nov 27, 2018 | 5:37 pm
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Originally Posted by Boggie Dog
If a state sponsored (funded) group wanted to attack commercial aviation I have little doubt they would have a high probability of being successful. The employee backdoor to airports is still wide open since TSA refuses to address that glaring oversight. The question has to be to what goal would this act be. Just placing a bomb on a plane has impact but nothing like hijacking several airplanes using them as guided missiles as happened on 9/11/2001. Unless the cockpit door is breach violence in the cabin will have little impact on the whole of flying. And I think that takes us to the issue of LGA's being bombs. Would the pilot surrender his aircraft if a threat of a bomb was made in flight? I would hope not. Are liquid bombs stable enough to carry on board and then make ready for use? I think TSA jumped the shark on this matter and have made flying more restricted than needed to address the issue. If Fonzi hadn't been the first to jump the shark I suspect TSA would have taken that honor.
High purity hydrogen peroxide is stable enough--there's a helicopter that uses it as fuel. Whether the bombers could ensure things were sufficiently free of contamination to avoid catalyzing it is another matter...
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