Section 1540.109 is a new requirement prohibiting any person from interfering with, assaulting, threatening, or intimidating screening personnel in the performance of their screening duties.....

This rule does not prevent good-faith questions from individuals seeking to understand the screening of their persons or their property. But abusive, distracting behavior, and attempts to prevent screeners from performing required screening, are subject to civil penalties under this rule.

Title 49, United States Code, 46503, was added in ATSA to provide a criminal penalty for interfering with security personnel. Section 1540.109 permits TSA to seek a civil penalty for actions that may not warrant criminal prosecution under section 46503 but do warrant legal enforcement action.

Section 1540.101 regarding the carriage of weapons, explosives, and incendiaries by individuals, is transferred from §§ 108.201(e) and (f),
108.203(e), and 129.27(a) and (b).

§ 1540.109 Prohibition against interference with screening personnel. No person may interfere with, assault, threaten, or intimidate screening personnel in the performance of their screening duties under this subchapter.

§ 1540.111 Carriage of weapons, explosives, and incendiaries by individuals.
(a) On an individual’s person or accessible property—prohibitions. Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, an individual may not have a weapon, explosive, or incendiary, on or about the individual’s person or accessible property—
(1) When performance has begun of the inspection of the individual’s person or accessible property before entering a sterile area;
(2) When the individual is entering or in a sterile area; or
(3) When the individual is attempting to board or onboard an aircraft for which screening is conducted under § 1544.201 or § 1546.201 of this chapter

§ 1544.201 Acceptance and screening of individuals and accessible property.
(a) Preventing or deterring the carriage of any explosive, incendiary, or deadly or dangerous weapon.
Each aircraft operator must use the measures in its security program to prevent or deter the carriage of any weapon, explosive, or incendiary on or about each individual’s person or accessible property before boarding an aircraft or entering a sterile area.
(b) Screening of individuals and accessible property.
Except as provided in its security program, each aircraft operator must ensure that each individual entering a sterile area at each preboard screening checkpoint for which it is responsible, and all accessible property under that individual’s control, are inspected for weapons, explosives, and incendiaries as provided in § 1544.207.
(c) Refusal to transport.
Each aircraft operator must deny entry into a sterile area and must refuse to transport—
(1) Any individual who does not consent to a search or inspection of his or her person in accordance with the system prescribed in this part; and
(2) Any property of any individual or other person who does not consent to a
search or inspection of that property in accordance with the system prescribed by this part.

§ 1544.207 Screening of individuals and property.
(a) Applicability of this section. This section applies to the inspection of
individuals, accessible property, checked baggage, and cargo as required under this part.
(b) Locations within the United States at which TSA conducts screening. Each aircraft operator must ensure that the individuals or property have been inspected by TSA before boarding or loading on its aircraft. This paragraph applies when TSA is conducting screening using TSA employees or
when using companies under contract with TSA.