You’ll have to give us more information about those mysterious “various small non-Skyteam carriers” if you want an accurate answer. But basically, any flight booked under AF/KL/A5/KQ/RO/SB code will give you XPs and miles in FB, even if operated by non-Skyteam carriers. Very few exceptions apply (I have in mind some flights to Corsica operated by XK)

Again, as said in my post (#2), any flight booked under AF/KL/A5/KQ/RO/SB code will give you XPs and miles in FB, even if operated by non-Skyteam carriers (with only very few exceptions).
For some carriers, even if they are not in Skyteam, you can earn also FB miles (but generally no XP) when booked under their code in certain booking classes. All details are on the partners page of FB site :
https://www.flyingblue.co.uk/en/part...lse&earn=false

Again (just to make sure it is clear for you), those partner pages are giving you the conditions for FB only when you book under the partner code. If you book under AF or KL flight numbers, it is the usual AFKL/FB condition that apply.

If the carrier you are looking for is not listed in this page, it means that you will earn miles and XPs only when booked on the AF/KL code-share.

If we take the example of Gol (G3), a non-Skyteam airline.
https://www.flyingblue.co.uk/en/part...l/presentation
The partner page I have linked says you can earn miles and spend miles. It doesn’t say that you can earn XP. So it means that:
- when flight is booked under G3 code, you will earn miles as per the conditions explained in the linked page. Miles earning will be based on distance and booking class. No XP will be earned.
- when flight is booked under AF or KL code share, you will earn miles based on the price paid and you will earn XPs.

Among the European SkyTeam airlines I believe that you have to watch out for AZ and UX if the operating carrier is anything but SkyTeam. In the early 2000s I got miles for JL operated AZ coded flights. That wouldn’t happen now. And UX used to be a home player with FB and no longer is, so I’m not sure about those numerous flights operated by the likes of Swiftair. Even in the old days you couldn’t get miles for UX segments operated by the Renfe Spanish train network, so it’s all pretty inconsistent.

A mystery for me is Aeroflot, because lots of their flights are operated by entities such as Rossiya and other scary things I’ve never heard of! But then, you don’t get a whole lot of XPs for domestic flights anyway.

There is no change on this with the new FB rules, as this is a Skyteam rule. For instance, an EY-operated flight booked under AZ code doesn’t earn anything in FB. UX used to have FB as their FFP, as you rightly pointed out, but this is not the case anymore but they are still in Skyteam so the usual rules apply. The case of UX flights operated by Swiftair is interesting indeed and I believe they were eligible for FB earnings because it is a lease or franchise agreement between the 2 airlines and those flights are purely marketed by UX and not by Swiftair. It is the same as the AF flights operated by CityJet under a franchise agreement.

I definitely don’t have the answer for this case, but it seems strange to me. Because, what’s the point of being able to book this flight under RO code if there is no FB benefit associated to it, knowing that FB is the FFP of RO (this is a key point to take into consideration) ?

no, that’s not what we said. We said: book flights with AF/KL flight numbers, but you can use whatever booking channel suits you.. AF or KL website may give you sometimes flights with the operator flight number so you have to be careful, although they usually display mostly AF/KL flight numbers.