So, thank you for the replies, I really appreciate them, and I apologize in advance if I'm just being dense. But here's what's confusing me. Mwenenzi says that I can go surface from BKK to SIN because "both are in Asia." Here's what the rules say: "SURFACE SEGMENTS PERMITTED AS FOLLOWS- A/ WITHIN THE COUNTRY OF ORIGIN. B/ WITHIN THE MIDDLE EAST C/ WITHIN SOUTH AMERICA D/ BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA E/ BETWEEN HKG AND CHINA F/ BETWEEN BANGLADESH AND BKK/SIN G/ BETWEEN MALAYSIA AND SIN H/ WITHIN AFRICA." I don't see anything about "within Asia." It says "within Africa" and "within South America," but not within Asia. And I read F as permitting surface between EITHER Bangladesh and BKK OR between Bangladesh and SIN, but not between BKK and SIN. Isn't that what it says? Are there some other places where intra-Asia surface segments are permitted, and why wouldn't it be in the above list if there were? If surface segments were automatically permitted within a region (e.g., Asia), why would the rules need to say that surface segments are permitted within Africa and South America and the Middle East. Doesn't the fact that Asia is NOT in that list suggest that surface segments are NOT permitted within Asia (except in the circumstances expressly listed in E, F, and G, above).

Same question for Europe. Surface segments are permitted "within the Middle East." Now, maybe that's okay because, say, Israel is in the Middle East, but I still wouldn't think a surface segment from Madrid to Israel would be "within the Middle East" (rather, it would be "within" the Middle East/Europe). But how is a surface segment from MAD to BCN within the Middle East?

As for the direct flight from Africa to South America, I found it on the One World Mapper that Mwenenzi linked to and I was playing with last night. It's LAN airlines flight 8264. Gardyloo, isn't LAN One World metal? So why isn't that permitted? (I definitely acknowledge that getting there might not be easy.) I don't see any reference to it being a codeshare.

With respect to serfty's the question, the idea would be to, as DownUnderFlyer suggests, travel One World to JNB and then surface to DKR (which clearly IS, per the above rules I quoted, permitted, since it's "within Africa").

Thanks again folks, and sorry for the redundant questions. Can someone please help me with my confusion?