IIRC, there have been a lot of tests conducted on heated runway solutions using pipes underneath the runway that are heated with water up to its boiling point. A Google search for "heating runway" or "heated runway" brings up some great websites that discuss this further.

Of course, with airports scrapping for every landing/take-off fee they can get, I'm sure the main reason why such wasn't implemented in the U.S. was the cost vs. the overall benefit that would result.