Besides the EU3 only a few carriers survive today in the EU:

- AY: massive restructuring completed in the 2000s/10s very lean, very good crew contracts, very little govt interference
- LO: massive expansion with quite innovative govt support in the 2010s, lots of unsolved crew/staff structure topics
- TP: total revamp of fleet, barely making money, about to be taken private in 2019, classic zombie on state support
- AZ/ITA: zombie on steroids
- SK: fleet renewal almost completed, waning in and out of profitabilty, staff/crew contracts not resolved

The pandemic and the associated outpouring of state aid has pushed back the required consolidation by a few years, the song and dance around state support will resume in 2023-25.

As you can see in Scandinavia, the consumer doesn't give a rodents behind about the national carrier and is happy to fly Ryanair or Norwegian even to BKK.