I cannot specifically recall but I'm pretty sure there's always a passport check leaving Schengen (but not the EU - for example the UK has no outbound passport check because they get the data from APIS). As to Schengen, I have recently left from OSL, FRA, MUC, GVA, ARN, DUS and CPH and, on every occasion, the flight departed from a section of the airport which you could only access through passport control. Flights within Schengen had no such checks.