I agree with recommending the Eyewitness Guides. The photos are a terrific visual reference, and the books cover most of the basics. I would also recommend almost all of the Rick Steves' Guides for Europe. I know they're not for everyone; but for those interested in affordably participating in each country's culture, his recommendations are fantastic! Wherever I travel in Europe, I combine the two guides above and almost always have a great vacation! Happy Travels!