If cost is not an issue maybe you could ship the suitcase as freight (unaccompanied) to Amsterdam on the same plane your on? This can often be done at the airport with a freight agent or even the ariline directly.

I did look into this... and it will cost approx. 2200 SEK to send the bag unaccompanied.

Unfortunately, cost is an issue, so I'll just have to hope for a nuaturally occuring delay.

Yes: At check-in, be sure to specifically request that your baggage is only tagged to AMS and verify that the printed baggage tag reflects that.

Upon arrival in AMS, ask to be offloaded from the connecting flight, as a courtesy to the airline and other PAX.

I don't know if airlines can legally refuse to tag a bag to an intermediate destination... but if they can then I suspect they probably would in this situation because of the tight connection.

I don't think your plan is going to work. Why not forfeit the flight and make alternative travel arrangements to get to AMS, or alternatively plan to fly to CDG and jump on a train straight back to AMS?

In my experience, the offer described above is not automatic - how do you get it? What's the basis?

This is what I would do - there may be a good reason why you want to off-load your bag in AMS. AFAIK - uptill now KL has been fairly good with allowing pax not to use the last leg.