I seem to remember way back in the 80s when the frequent flyer programs started there was an annual fee which was "waived" the first year, and then it just sort of disappeared. I don't remember which ones charged, but I remember signing up and having the fee waived.

Years ago Sheraton had an annual fee that you could either pay or use miles to pay. Upside was if you paid, you got benefits that more than paid for themselves if you stayed a couple of times in a year.

Perhaps American will start charging an inactivity fee for infrequent flyers, allowing you to pay a fee to keep your miles from expiring.

Years ago there was at least a reason to justify charging for memberships in the programs, as the airlines had a monthly cost to mail your statement, plus you actually received perks, and you could actually easily use the miles that you accrued.

I'm sure they are trying to figure out a way to get more money out of their customers. Problem is when the public transit offers better service and a cleaner mode of travel it is difficult to get people to pay more for this experience.