hi ffhound, that's difficult question, because there are so many railway companies. Besides the airrail in Germany (http://www.flyertalk.com/forum/Forum32/HTML/002124.html and
http://www.flyertalk.com/forum/Forum.../002118.html), there is the possibilty to earn miles on the ICE Sprinter (MUC-FRA; cf
http://www.bahn.de/pv/angebote/busin...and_more.shtml , sorry only in German) and on the ICE Metropolitan (Hamburg - Cologn;
http://www.met.de/index_flash.html). You will earn LH Miles if you travel biz (if guess). I think you can also earn using the Eurostar (Chunnel Train; American Advantag Miles???). And there is a so-called FlugZug in Switzerland from Zurich to Basel, you will earn Qualiflyer miles.
Instead of using the railway, you should consider to fly using a visitor pass (e.g.
http://www.travel-overland.de/airpass.html).
That's all I remember.