If your inbound flight is on time, this can be done pretty easily--although I would strongly advise you not to check bags if at all possible. After going through immigration (usually less than 20 minutes at PHL), you will have to wait for your checked bags, clear customs, and re-check them. If the baggage handlers are doing their jobs properly, that part *can* take as little as 15 minutes, but this is PHL and the baggage handlers almost never do their jobs properly.

Your Binghamton flight is probably leaving from Terminal F, which is a bus ride from where you'll be at Terminal A. Another 20-30 minutes there, including walking and waiting time. So if you don't check bags, you can make it from the inbound plane to the second gate in under an hour and be on time for your next flight.