You can also buy a U S Social Security Card and California Driver's License on the streets of practically any major California city for a very few hundred US dollars. But the idea that anyone can get a Consular Matricula under any name without any proof of status is complete rubbish, at least if they get it from a Mexican Consulate (a counterfeit Matricula is like a counterfeit U S identity document, unfortunately available for enough money.) It is properly documented, and meets the requirements established under the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations, and includes a magnetic digital stripe, photograph and other complying attributes. As such, and in Roman letters, they do qualify as identification at airport security.

Normal identification required for such a document include an officially issued and sealed / verified birth certificate, certificate of Mexican citizenship (government-issued,) passport or (government) naturalization certificate, or "Cédula de Identidad Ciudadana" - a personal identification document required for most official acts in Mexico and also requiring birth certificate, etc. to issue.

What Matriculas do not certify is Mexican residence - they certify Mexican citizenship.

Link

How do I now this? I inquired at the local Consulate, as it seems under new laws I could if I chose to re-establish my Mexican citizenship. But, my current proof of identification is insufficient to secure a Mexican Matricula Consular, as it happens, so I will just have to continue using my US passport.