I've had fire alarms go off in 3 different hotels. The one in London was the worst situation as no staff were on duty at all in the entire hotel! We found our way down the stairs, stood on the pavement for an hour and made our way back upstairs when the fire dept. left the scene.
All three cases were caused by people smoking in non-smoking rooms.
It didn't come to my mind to ask for compensation. I didn't get any. No apology either. It is part of travel.
I think that this situation is more complicated now that there are so many non smoking rooms and even non smoking hotels. Some people will sneak a smoke.