Yes. As I explained above, most (all?) non-US based alliance players offer this benefit as a status perk. Each of these airlines is an "individual airline that offers their elite members lounge entrance based on status alone." Too many to count.

And US airlines offer this same benefit with the exception of purely domestic itineraries. For example, AA offers me free lounge access based on my EXP status. When I have an itinerary in coach LAX-MIA-LHR-CAI, I have access to the AA F lounges at LAX, MIA, and LHR. I would also have access to the BA F lounges at MIA and LHR. Based on nothing else than my AA status.

On some international airlines you have to be flying that airline or an alliance partner; on many you do not. Your status works the same as a membership would in the US. So I can access the BA lounge in LHR when flying LH, for example, based on status.

Some US airlines also offer their international members a free lounge membership. For example, CO gives Platinum members with a UK address a Presidents Club membership automatically.

Perhaps you meant to ask: Does any US airline offer its US members free lounge access when traveling them domestically based purely upon status? That answer is no. (Until very recently, DL did by virtue of giving DL top tiers a free Crown Room Membership).