Most of these will be found in any decent guide book anyway.
a) Visit Prague Castle
b) Stroll across the Charles Bridge at sunset ( bring some warm clothes, can be very cold)
b) Have coffee and pastry at Opera house cafe.
d) Visit the Ghetto in particular the unique raised ( by burying deseased in levels on top of earlier buried) Jewish cemetery.
e) Visit Wencelas Square - Prague's "Champs Elysess" and the Old Town Square including a viewing of the Horological clock

Restaurants:
Pravda ( when you need a break from Czech food ) - try and get a seat upstairs.
Kampa Park - next to Charles Bridge
and one other place Zovoinice??? housed on the upper floors of a 16th century bell tower ( you dine just below the bells, dont worry they wont ring during dinner ) pretty unique - fare was Czech lots of game etc.
Ask you hotel concierge location was near the train station/Wencelas Sq.

Enjoy Prague, wonderful city.

mike