The transaction should show up @ Rewards Network within 4 - 6 days afterwards - for instance, a dine on the 1st of the month should appear between the 5th and 7th. If it hasn't shown up on your RN account at all as "pending" a full week later, it's time to phone them and ask. The longest I have seen a dine post "on its own" was about 2 weeks after the meal. I had snail-mailed the receipt about 10 days later, and it takes about a week after they get the receipt to actually get the miles posted manually. Back then, missing credits entered by reps based upon submitted receipts were clearly marked "manual ticket" in one's account, and this one showed up about the time my letter would have hit their office as a regular "automatic" (albeit a very late one), system-generated credit.
How long to post at your airline account itself? Anywhere from 2 - 4 weeks after the transaction.