According to the Star Employees guide,

"In the event of an "uncontrollable" (ie, ATC, weather, etc) Star Alliance carriers will provide amenities to Premium Customers (First, Business and Star Gold) travelling on an "intercontinental" journey including connection to/from domestic services.

(that's a word-to-word quote)

I think it just depends on the airline policy because, quite frankly, it's not their fault (as such) and therefore they should not be responsible financially for the consequences of the delay.

But I think elite members (and F class pax) have the advantage in cases like this.