You will get different responses depending on the predilictions of the posters. I feel the cost/convenience formula comes down on the side of the train. If your intent is to train from Kyoto to Tokyo, then train to NRT all in one day before your international departure, you could do it with trains in under 4 hours and under 15,000 yen/person. That would be very convenient, leaving from Kyoto Station and arriving at the airport with one transfer at either Shinagawa or Tokyo Station in Tokyo. The route would be shinkansen to Tokyo, then change to the Narita Express. Here is a link to the Hyperdia routing tool. http://grace.hyperdia.com/cgi-english/hyperd01.cgi?

Using the air option, you would have to get yourself to the airport - either Itami outside of Osaka or KIX - err - also outside of Osaka. From there you would have to travel by air to Tokyo. Most domestic flight options will take you to Haneda (Big Wing ) Airport in Tokyo. From there, you would have to arrange transportation to NRT, probably by train. There are a few domestic flights to NRT, which would obviously be more convenient.

If your outbound flight from NRT is early in the day, you may be pressed for time and the direct flight from Itami to NRT would be the best choice. I don't know how many flights per day fit this scenario. Personally, I think any flight that routes you through Haneda would just add too much complexity and extra time.

By far the simplest is the train. The fastest and most convenient route depends on your times and needs. If you are planning one last night in Tokyo before heading out to NRT, I think the train wins hands down.

More confused now??

JR