(all that I know) rules of ff-programs will officially only allow one credit to one ff-program per flight segment. (official rule-) Exceptions known to me are when they, for whatever reason out of your personal influence, put you, after having been booked and ticketed, on another airline. Then you officially can claim the 'original' credit and also ask for miles in another ff-pgogram valid for that other carrrier.

But mileage miss-credits (double credits, or no credits at all) happen, the more manuel changes en-route (from flight segment to flight segment) are done, the more likely some mileage credit mistakes (double miles or no miles at all) can/will happen ...