Some wine stores in Paris have (free informal) tastings at certain times, but don't expect great wines. [Nicolas in the Saint Germain des Pres area is one that I remember.] There's a big wine store on a pretty big street in the 8th with a tasting program where you get a card and then select (self service) one ounce samples from at least twenty wines on offer. It's not free but reasonable. I wish I could remember the name rather than just how to approximately walk there from a hotel where I frequently stay. Also in the 8th, the big Nicolas wine store in the back corner of the Madeleine square has a sort of upstairs bistro with some wine and cheese choices if it's survived COVID-19.

You might enjoy strolling through a food hall or open air market such as Les Halles or rue Mouftard (spelling?) in the 5th. There's also an open air market in front or the big department store in the 7th.

Another idea is to go into a good cheese store and purchase small amounts of a bunch of cheese to be consumed in your hotel room or in a park, of course with a bottle of wine.

Most good French restaurants offer a cheese cart as a choice at the end of dinner, a la carte or sometimes as part of a prix fixe menu. You can ask for recommendations.