I believe that if fines are levied, the money does go back to the airlines using that terminal, where it gets interesting is if the airlines or their handling agents contribute to the queues, for example by not opening the check ins on time.
As a rule of thumb if the queues go beyond the first row of columns, the 10 minute rule is at risk. At this point you will see security staff out among the passengers trying to reduce the number of times the x-ray screens go off by getting passengers to remove all likely set off items from their person and onto the x-ray belt. You'd be amazed how quickly this reduces the queues.