Based in SYD, I am sure you know, Consumer protection is very weak in Australia. Feel yourself lucky you were rebooked so quickly and in same cabin. Airlines run the effective argument, that increasing protections will increase airfares. Given we pay one of highest airfares per km in the world, with a very protected market it is hard to see. But hey, I am not a politician sitting in the chairman’s lounge.
Damages relating to loss will be reimbursed such as taxi, hotel, meals, ie duty of care.
You can write CS and they may throw a voucher or some QF miles your way, but expect no more than a form letter apology. I would suspect that unless your TA has a very strong corporate agreement with QF it will make little difference whether you write or they do. Please come back and tell us the outcome.
note. I am taking the AU view. As the ticket is to the US there may be some DOT protection I am unaware of?
KF