The LH Group YQ surcharges ex-US are indeed that high and completely out of this world. However I have no idea how you got the idea about the red ones. I've already flown on LOT and UA for 57€ and 5€ respectively on Aegean's M+B award tickets! If LH/OS/LX want to exclude ex-US awards, because their business is running beautifully without them, at least we still have alternatives!
This is basically (if I understand your statement correctly) exactly what's going on. UA will never pass on fuel surcharges, regardless of the star alliance partner airline you'll be flying on (and I believe aeroplan will do the same, probably Avianca's ffp too).
Others will offer more award types to their own members that require more miles but no YQ surcharges.

Aegean is unfortunately one of the (many) airlines or ffp's which will pass on YQ fully to the customer, so your only options if you don't want to pay these are either to do what was already suggested (Brazil etc.) or just issue your award tickets with airlines that have low to zero YQ (Singapore, United, SAS, LOT and a couple others).