In the very unlikely event you miss your connection, they will look after you. I would imagine you'll get rebooked to MEX the next day, or BOG (if you wish, but that will have a very ordinary 4h50m flight on AV to MEX). If F is all sold out, you'd be looking at J (with compensation), or you can try to push for F on another airline; it's really going to depend what's going on and what's available on LH/*A.

If you are not eligible to go via the US, you won't.