It seems to me that this would work best at two types of airports:

1. Airports that only have commercial flights from "clean" countries (if another flight comes due to a diversion or charter in they will have to be segregated and processed separately somehow). All international arriving passengers are directed directly into the concourse and to the domestic exit.
2. Airports that currently have 2+ arrivals halls and can dedicate one to clean arrivals, or have space to build a second arrivals hall that lets out airside. This may lead to aircraft parking at a jet bridge but passengers being bused to the other arrival hall (it currently happens at LHR for BA a decent amount, since they have three separate arrival flows for domestic, Ireland, and other international).

The problem with (1) is that Mexico is currently FAA Category 2, and many small airports have traffic from Mexico (or other Caribbean vacation destinations) which would likely require a separate immigration facility. I'm hard-pressed to think of good airports for (1) -- my first thought was BDL but that had a MBJ flight on Spirit.

For (2), the airport that I immediately thought of was ATL with immigration in both E and F -- clean flights can arrive in E and other flights in F. If the connection between E and F is maintained, CBP officers could send passengers who need checked luggage inspections along that passage to F (and presumably note in the computer to redirect their bags).