Oh, please. Quite a stretch to compare U.S. police agencies to Nuremberg, don't you think? Our policies are written and well spelled out. Everyone, from the lowest ranking clerk to the chief of police has a complete copy of them, and they're also on the intranet for easy access. If you don't follow them, you won't be working for us too long. If the agency in the article had a written policy that ALL arrestees, regardless of age, must be handcuffed, the arresting officer is mandated to comply with the policy under threat of disciplinary action for non-compliance. You just don't make your own rules along the way when you work in a police agency.