the_airborne_nomad Thanks for the info. It seems like the leading theory for why my Venture X got declined at Singapore Airlines, Malindo and AirAsia is due to my card having EMV 3DS, but those airlines only support 3DS1. However, it's hard to imagine that a major global airline like SQ' online POS system can't handle EMV 3DS, IF that is the version used by majority of Western customers. And assuming all Venture X cards have the same version of 3DS, that means all Venture X cards should fail against SQ and Malindo and AirAsia. If even one Venture X card works, then something is not consistent - which is my theory, that my card had a glitch during making.

I'm hoping by replacing the physical card will fix it. Haven't gotten around to it.