If you book KL-marketed flights, you will earn MQMs and MQDs according to the KLM earning chart.

When I posted a cheap mileage run Economy Light fare, I made a chart for Delta flyers about whether you get seat selection and elite earnings flying Basic Economy fares across DL/VS/AF/KL.

Since then, I have flown on an AF-marketed, DL-operated Economy Light fare and received mileage and elite credit as normal (Aside from not being changeable, Economy Light does not seem particularly punishing on AF/KL -- I do not have DL status).