I have one checked bag. I also do not have global entry or anything like that.
Even without Global Entry, you might be able to expedite your passage through U.S. Immigration by utilizing the Mobile Passport Control app:
https://www.cbp.gov/travel/us-citize...ssport-control
But do you need to go through the scanners again at once you get to Charlotte? I assume you do right?
Yes: once you exit the Customs Hall, you will be landside, so if you want to catch a connecting flight, you will need to pass through TSA security. If you travel frequently, it might be worth your while to obtain TSA Pre-check; some credit cards will reimburse the cost of applying for TSA Pre-check.
Has anyone here done this trip before from Cancun to Charlotte with a 1.5 hour layover and then to NYC? I also see other similar ones like at Fort Worth Texas and Miami.
I'm sure that lots of people have, since it's a connection that AA sells. Undoubtedly, some of those passengers made their connection, and some did not. If you want to minimize your risk of a mis-connection, book a trip with a longer connection. But then be prepared to spend more time at your connecting airport if your first flight is on time, and you breeze through Immigration, baggage claim, Customs, and TSA security.