Saw this today and found it interesting - flyers are somewhat rational about buying tickets, less so when someone else is buying the ticket or when we're closer to those frequent flyer incentives ;-)

https://www.fuqua.duke.edu/duke-fuqu...flyer-programs

(2010-2011 data, airline not identified, pretty long article with lots of modelling. They note at the end that changes in programs ~2014-16 - additional qualifiers - might change their results)

Citation: A. Yeşim Orhun, Tong Guo, Andreas Hagemann (2022) Reaching for Gold: Frequent-Flyer Status Incentives and Moral Hazard. Marketing Science 41(3):548-574. https://doi.org/10.1287/mksc.2021.1341