Both business and Sapphires get bags up to 32 kgs, or rather aren't charged for the excess.

For London to Madrid you get 1 bag if of an Optimal business fare, 2 otherwise. You can have the second bag by paying 38€ on Optimal. For the longhaul from MAD, it is 3 bags if Sapphire. A through ticket from London to SDQ would have the same allowance as MAD to SDQ so that may explain the difference. As a general rule e-tickets tend to give the allowance without taking status into account, so you often have to add that on top.