14:05 gives you zero contingency. I'd assume that passport control and bags will cancel each other out, but 50 min for bags is not unusual at AMS, and then you'd need about 10-15 min to get them back around to the check-in desk. It's technically doable, but only if everything goes perfectly. A 15-minute delay and you've missed your onward flight. Do not even think about this.

Personally, I'd try to arrive the night before, especially given your location, if there is a late flight.

On the inbound, I'd be open to other opinions but would consider booking the 16:05 and, if you're delayed or QR won't check the bags through, use same-day change to switch to the 17:40 while on Wi-Fi in DOH, taking the small risk that it'll be sold out completely.