With only two hours, I would say this is pretty much impossible. (You may get lucky.) AMS is a big place, and the Polderbaan runway is far from the terminal. You could easily be taxiing for 15 minutes before you get to your gate. At that point you'll need to clear immigration (if not on a EU passport this could take a bit longer), and then wait for luggage. This can take ages, in my experience. Then you need to check it in again (keeping to time compliance) and then go through security and get to your gate in time for boarding. If you are on time, I give you 50/50 at best. If you are more than 20 minutes late, forget it.
Then what happens? Probably you'll have to buy a new AMS-ZRH return ticket (not a big deal and probably not that expensive.). But if your timing is the same on the return, a one-way back to the US could get expensive.
Of course they may check it through for you, but that's not much of a chance I'd like to take.