I have a minimal amount of stuff. Interesting to see the range of travel demands in people's responses. I travel anywhere from 1-4 times per month, for 1-4 days per trip. My toilet kit is very small; I just carry a few things:
1) small travel tube of toothpaste (I pester the dentist for extra samples, and buy more from Target)
2) small refillable cologne bottle with my favorite cologne. I use a refillable bottle my wife got me for xmas: This can easily provide 1 week's worth.
3) old orange prescription bottle for my prescriptions / dental flossers / advil / alleve.
4) razor handle & blade (I have a gilette razor, I cut down the holder for the blades to hold a single blade; I never travel with multiple blades)
5) small bottle with shave oil: using J Crew shave oil. I took a small hotel shampoo bottle, washed it out, and pour the shave oil in there. I hate those bulky travel cans of shaving cream/gel!
6) nail clippers
My one luxury is my sonicare. I tried a Quip but hated it (not strong enough). Tried small travel toothbrushes - I just don't get the same "clean" feeling. I have a sonicare platinum that I put in a grey pouch with a Velcro closure (came with the toothbrush).

All in, my toilet kit is 4" x 6", about 1" thick. And then add the toothbrush.