You will get nowhere with this claim. An aircraft trying to land twice and returning to its base due to bad weather is among the core of extraordinary circumstances. You hardly can't expect OS to make a ferry flight to SJJ afterwards to operate the next flight. Knock-on effects at outstations due to cancellation of incoming flight is acknowledged; I fail to see that it makes a significant difference that it happened the night before your scheduled morning flight.
BUT by all means go ahead and file your claim - but in the light of the replies in this thread you should consider how far you really want to take this. It is almost guaranteed that OS will deny your claim (and IMO should rightfully do so).