There are no security checks at outbound gates in AMS. Those are long gone. AMS has central security now. But as you are coming in from an EU airport which is deemed secure, you will not have to clear security on arrival, but will deplane directly into the airside departures area.

So this is simply a gate-to-gate connection with no immigrations or security in between. Simply find your departure gate and make sure you're there before gate closure (which is always 15 minutes prior to departure at AMS). You can walk between any two gates in the non-schengen area at AMS within 10 minutes, so don't worry, plenty of time to visit the KLM lounge, assuming you have access. Follow signs to lounge 52. If you're not Skyteam Elite+ and/or are flying in business, but do have a priority pass, lounge 41 is the Aspire lounge that is open for Priority pass card holders.