Originally Posted by mot29

There is no security check if arriving from the US or Schengen countries. There is a security check if arriving from Asia or Africa (I think those are the distinctions). Arriving from countries that require a security check you go to the upper level of the concourses are are cycled through a common security check.
I had 2 short connections in AMS in the last month -- US arrival to Schengen was about 65 minutes -- in the morning rush -- showed my boarding pass and was sent through the short connection line at EU passport control.
And Schengen (mid C gate) arrival to Asia departure from a high F gate, because of delay that was only 40 minutes. Made it with time to spare. Again, went through the short connection line at passport control.
55 minutes is doable, but tight.
Bags may not make it if they are checked.