I know an exception exists for earning mileage on flights marketed by Oneworld airlines but operated by non-oneworld airlines.
See what is written on
this page: (highlighted in bold)
To earn AAdvantage® miles when you fly on Iberia marketed and operated flights as well as Iberia codeshare flights operated by oneworld®carriers and affiliates:
Buy an eligible published fare ticket in an eligible booking code
Fly an eligible route
As Level is not a OneWorld airline or affiliate airline (exact the same case as Vueling) I don't think you will earn mileage on this flight)
As Level is not a OneWorld airline I suppose none of your status benefits will apply to the booking either.
Same is true for Vueling so I don't see a reason this will be different with Vueling.