Although I've technically been a Canadian citizen my whole life, I didn't get the paperwork done until a year ago and got my citizenship card and passport. I had been living in MOntreal on a student visa for 2 years already, so when I returned for the first time as a citizen, it wasn't much of a problem, as I was a resident already.
My mother, however, is also a Canadian citizen by birth but enters as an American when she visits.