Well you quoted a big region
Traditional airline wise:
TPE to IST has Turkish Airline
TPE to AMS(europe) has KLM(this flight originated in Phillipines and stops over in Taipei, so depend on where you want to board)

S.E.A. to DXB would be Cebu Pacific and Flydubai but they're on the LCC side. Nothing major but if you're looking for the cheapest, might want to weigh in the luggage charge.

Cebu Pacific is MNL to DXB
Flydubai is BKK to DXB

If you're looking to Europe as a general and flying LCC:
Norwegian Air(DY) flies from BKK to CPH or OSL, from both you can fly into Europe.

Since you're flying one way, might be worth it to look into LCC(no major oversized luggage of course)

Probably narrow down your origin and destination plus dates then look into the specific airlines?