Although not restaurants, I was dreaming today about two of my favorite Amsterdam foods Stroopwafels and Oliebollen.
Packaged stroopwafels can be had in many shops and cafe's, but the fresh ones are best. Basically, they are layers of waffle shaped cookies soaked in a sugary syrup. Kind of like baklava without the nuts. My favorite vendor of fresh stroopwafels is in the AlbertCuypMarkt.
Oliebollen are 'Dutch donuts'. Deep fried dough balls rolled in powdered sugar. Some are cinnamon or 'ananise' (licorice) flavored, some have fruit like banana or raisins. My favorite have apple pieces and cinamon sugar, kind of like a round apple fritter. These are mostly sold from carts in high trafic areas. I have seen them in the Dam, near Centraal Station, at Schiphol, in the Bijlmerplein, and near RAI. They move the carts around so there's no way to know where they will be tomorrow. Happy hunting!