Thanks for all the great suggestions.

Here's one for Louisville: Heine Brothers Cofee, with several locations throughout the city. The Bardstown Road location I have been to seems like a nice neighborhood coffeehouse with better-than-average espresso. I didn't try the drip coffees but several single-origin varieties -- including Fair Trade organic coffees -- were readily available.

Heine is also a nice place for whole beans (roasted at their facility in Louisville) and coffee/tea accessories.

http://www.heinebroscoffee.com/