Hello and welcome to FlyerTalk.
There is no way to tell in advance which concourse your flight from Orlando and the flight to Kolkata will use.
You can book the airport hotel in advance at this website:
http://dubai-int-terminal.hotel-rn.com/ It is a little bit expensive but for a 13 hour period with two young children I think it would be worth it.
The concourses are connected. So no matter which one you arrive at or which one you depart from, you can use the hotel in any concourse. I would book the hotel in either Concourse A or Concourse B. They are very similar.
When you book the hotel, there is a place to indicate which flight you arrive on. Someone from the hotel will meet you when you get off the flight. They will guide you to the hotel. They will also help with your carry-on luggage so you can concentrate on your children.
If both your flights are with EK, your luggage will be sent all the way through to Kolkata. So you don't need to worry about it in Dubai, but you need to take anything you want for the hotel stay with you in your carry-on bag.
After your hotel stay, the staff can tell you which concourse your flight to Kolkata leaves from and give you directions. Dubai airport is very big but there are signs everywhere and you have plenty of time, so you will be fine.
At Kolkata the luggage will come out at baggage claim. In most international airports, this is after you present passports to immigration, so you can then pick up your luggage and leave the airport.