A few reasons:
- LH follows German data protection logic, so your 'daily use' number is different from your customer number
- The first 4-5 digits indicate the customer status (9999 temp card, 22201- SEN, 3330-HON etc)
- AFAIK there is a checksum in the 15th digit , so if you key in the number wrong the system can catch it right there. (similar to the checksum on a credit card and the new IBAN account numbers)